The Research Of National Supervising System Of Ming Dynasty

The system of crown prince supervising national affairs is that crown prince supervises national affairs when emperor leaves from the capital.The system originated from Xizhou,in each period has its own characteristic, and It gradually proves a mature and important political system in Ming dynasty,which is carried out fully.However,the research of national supervising system of Ming dynasty is not embedded.The system is deeply comprehended finally by hackling the history of national supervising system of Ming dynasty,furthering the study from horizontal and vertical direction, analysing the systems distinguishing feature and influence?There are four parts of this thesis:Chapter one is about hackling the history of national supervising system before Ming dynasty which includes the Pre-Qin Period which the system originating from,the Northern and Southern Dynasties that the system had innovative develop,the Sui and Tang Dynasties which the system was epitomized in,the Song and Yuan Dynasties that the system was carried out less and less.This part provides historical background of the research of national supervising system of Ming dynasty which is to be discussed in chapter two.Chapter two is about the history of national supervising system of Ming dynasty.Firstly,it mainly expounds Zhu-biao and Zhu-yunwen supervise national affairs,which proves the start of the system of Ming dynasty is Hongwu Period. Secondly, it mainly expounds Zhu-gaochi?Zhu-zhanji and Zhu-gaosui supervise national affairs,specially, Zhu-gaochi supervising national affairs is the best examples of the system,whats more,it laied foundations of the system.Thirdly,it expounds crown prince supervising national affairs in Hongxi ? Xuande and Zhengtong Periods.Specially,CHing-tai supervising national affairs is another example of this system,which represents defense.Forthly,it briefiy studies crown prince supervising national affairs in the Middle and Late Ming,which is a lack of the significance.Fifthly,it mainly elaborates princes supervising national affairs in South-Ming Period.It comes down in one continuous line from national supervising system of Ming dynasty,at the same time,it has its own feature as strong symbols of legitimacy for a particular period.Chapter three is about comprehensive analysis of the characteristics of the system.Vertically,the system not only inherits the traditional concept of crown prince supervising national affairs,but also has the strong color of heir to the throne,Huang-Taisuns also do play an important role in supervising national affairs as their fathers,some princesses have positive effects on the system,and luckly the powerful ministers and eunuch make no difference to the system.Thinking horizontally,the system not develop alone but keep in close contact with contemporary important political system such as cabinet system,Two Capital system and the system of the eastern palace.They almost simultaneous develop.The last part of the thesis which focuses on the effects on the system.The system provide a legal platform for crown princes who show their capabilities in supervising national affairs.Further more,It has particularly important effects on maintaining the normal,taking the throne operation,turnning the country's fate and so on.Regrettably, that feudal imperial power is highly centralized causes a degeneration in the system in Qing dynasty.To sum up,the system of national supervising system of Ming dynasty which is represented by Zhu-gaochi agenting the country and CHing-tai defending the country,is an important political system of Ming Dynasty, implemented fully, unique style.And it has important influence on the superviser and the national society even the later ages.