A Study On "X Shuo" Of Modern Chinese In The Evidentiality

The evidentials is a concrete representation of the evidentiality.This article takes "X shuo(X ?)" kind of evidentials in modern Chinese as the main research object,including the reporting-type evidentials,the inductive-type evidentialsthe and the belief-type evidentials,from the the double viewpoints of the synchronic and the diachronic,analyzes the three types in the semantic,the syntactic and the pragmatic aspect and so on,and under the category of evidentiality,carries out a comparative study to internal members of each type of evidentials.The first chapter is the introduction part,mainly explains the significance of the topic selection and the relevant studies at home and abroad,the possible breakthrough of "X shuo(X ?)" evidentials in modern Chinese,as well as the research methods,the sources of data and so on.The second chapter is the study of "X shuo(X ?)" of the retelling-type evidentials in modern Chinese.In view of the typical members in this type,this article carries out a synchronic and diachronic expedition of "Ting(……)shuo","Ju(……)shuo" and "Chuan(……)shuo".This paper mainly discusses the semantic evolution and the corresponding syntactic characteristics of the above three types of members,and determines whether they belong to the retelling-type evidentials when they are in different lexical stages.All three have the pragmatic functions of evidential function,evaluation function,exemption function and face maintenance function,and there are differences in the level of evidential degree and between full-time/part-time evidentials.The third chapter is the study of "X shuo(X ?)" of the inductive-type evidentials in modern Chinese.The synchronic and diachronic investigation of the typical members in this type are carried out,which are "An(……)shuo" and "Zhao(……)shuo".This paper mainly discusses the lexical situation and corresponding syntactic and semantic features of the above two types of members,and determines whether they belong to the inductive-type evidentials when they are in different lexicalization stages.All three have the pragmatic functions of evidential function,reversing semantics function,subjective evaluation function and face maintenance function,and there is also the difference between high and low evidential degree and belonging to full-time/part-time evidentials.The fourth chapter is the study of "X shuo(X ?)" of the belief-type evidentials in modern Chinese.For the typical members in this type,"Wo/Wo men shuo" and the relevant variant with "Ni/ni men shuo" and related variant,this article carries out the synchronic and diachronic study.While combing the process of grammaticalization of the above two,this paper analyzes their semantic and syntactic characteristics,and determines whether they belong to the belief-type evidentials when they are in different grammaticalization stages.Both have evidential function and interpersonal function,but also have the difference in the level of evidential degree.The main reason is the implicit difference of the source and the difference of personal pronouns.The fifth chapter is the conclusion,mainly summarizes the views of each chapter,summarizes the core content of the full text,and makes clear the direction of efforts.