Study On The Change And Influences Of Guizhou Garrisons In Ming And Qing Dynasties

As an important military organization of the rulers of Ming and Qing dynasties in Southwest China,the garrison played an indelible role in stabilizing the political situation.As a hinterland of Southwest China,the strategic position of Guizhou is very important and its ethnic composition is quite complex.In order to control and stabilize Guizhou province as well as the whole southwest area,the Ming Dynasty began to set up 32 garrisons,then made certain contributions to the stability and the economic and cultural development.In the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty,the transformation of the garrison began.The central government evacuated these garrisons and merged them into counties since the Kangxi years,thus ending its old system during the Ming Dynasty.It is worth noting that during the Qianlong years,the Qing government replaced 10 garrisons in the primordial Miao boundary of southeastern Guizhou and the primordial Miao boundary of northeastern Guizhou.At that time,the functions of the garrison has changed greatly compared with the Ming Dynasty.In order to explore the changes and functions of Guizhou garrisons in Ming and Qing Dynasties,analyze its regularities,and serve the current governance and construction of Guizhou Province,this paper is divided into five chapters to discuss.Chapter 1: Introduction.It elaborates the reasons for choosing the topic of this paper,and collects,collates and studies the relevant historical documents and academic research results of Guizhou garrisons before and after the establishment of the People's Republic of China,and then explores the shortcomings of previous studies,and points out the content and significance of this paper.Chapter 2: The establishment and functions of Guizhou garrisons in Ming Dynasty.The successful experience of Yuan bypass southwest to exterminate Song Dynasty attracted great attention of the rulers of Ming Dynasty.In summarizing the lessons,the Ming Dynasty successively set up 32 garrisons here,which are mainly located along the post road and in the hinterland of minority ethnic groups.It play an important role in controlling the post road,curbing the chiefs,promoting economic and cultural exchanges and stabilizing the southwest.Chapter 3: The transformation of garrisons and the establishment of garrisons in the Miao boundary of the Qing Dynasty.Due to poor management of the mid-Ming Dynasty,the escape of soldiers and a large number of the transformation of garrison reclamation,the defensive function of the garrison was greatly reduced.Considering the successful experiences of the late Ming Dynasty,the Qing government began to evacuate garrisons and merge them into counties,which led to a great change.At the same time,in order to establish the stability of the new Miao boundary of Southeast Guizhou,the government set up 10 guards here to defend the local minorities,so as to alleviate the pressure in running the southwest.Chapter 4: The influence of the establishment and abolition of Guizhou garrisons during the Ming and Qing Dynasties.In Ming and Qing Dynasties,these garrisons was separated and defended when nothing happened.Once there were police,they jointly suppressed it and actively stabilized Guizhou's social order.In addition,the military immigrates has played a positive role in Guizhou's stability,which brought abundant labor force to the local area,promoted the production of local agriculture,the prosperity of commodity trading and the spread of Confucianism.However,due to the incompatibility of development mode and environment,such migrants have buried the hidden danger of Guizhou's ecological environment change to a certain extent.Chapter 5: Conclusion.It mainly reviews the main research contents of this paper,summarizes the experience and lessons of Guizhou garrisons in the Ming and Qing Dynasties,and finds out the regularities between them,so as to serve the current economic construction and harmonious ethnic construction of Guizhou Province.