| This paper have selected some pottery shards from Phases Ⅰ and Ⅱ of Shunshanji Site by using trace observation methods.With pottery process drawings anddescriptions methods,this paper described and summarized the pottery-making crafts of the specimens from many aspects,such as material,forming,trimming,decoration,firing,etc,and discussed the relationship between the culture of Phase I and II,the culture of PhaseⅢ and the contemporaneous archaeological culture in different areas.This paper can mainly be divided into four chapters.Chapter one is the introduction part.This part briefly introduced the background knowledge which comb through the academic development of pottery-making crafts of prehistoric archaeology.The author also investigated research status in different regional types and introduced the theory recent progress according to the time sequence context.The theoretical basis for analyzing pottery shards and paving the way for academic basis could be summarized by three parts:firstly,Mr Wu Jin ding’s analysis thought such as material,forming,decoration,firing,etc during the 1930s;secondly,the investigation of minority’s pottery-making crafts in the fifties and sixties;thirdly,the application of experimental simulation and scientific technology method and studies of early ceramics in the eighties and nineties.At last,introduce methodology of this essay in detail.Chapter two classified pottery shards as rim,ears,bottom and select some unique pottery,it was the key and difficult part.This arrangement was according to the method of stratigraphy.The discussion of raw materials was including its classification,proportion and particle size,etc.In the process of observation,the author paid attention to distinguish between the sand and shells sand.The main methods to analysis molding process were looking for traces of engagement by visual observation and hang-touching,such as the crack between clay strips or clay sheets.But it was worth remembering because the Shunshanji site contained mainly sand-tempered pottery,which have disorganized texture.It brought me a lot more difficult to identify the crack of pottery’s profile.So some drawings about pottery’s about pottery’s profile were blank.Then the paper discussed trimming modes.Trimming crafts are easily to recognize,like wiping mud,imprinting,floating,scraping and so on.Plain appearance and only a small minority of vessels are decorated.Firing process research is very important.This article just observed the color of the superficies and fracture surface,then gave a rough description of firing atmosphere.Chapter three,on the basis of the research of specimens,this paper summarized the pottery of Phase I and II.No big difference was shown in between.The typical pottery assemblages consisted of fu-cauldron,bo-bowl,jar,pot,etc.The proportion of sand-tempered pottery are abundant while the clay are barely measurable.The pottery-making method includes the method of pasting on mold,clay-strip building method,etc.And the scale of clay-strip building method in Phase II increased greatly.Most of the potteries have red or reddish brown skin,while all the inner side are black.And the model of Phase II pottery are more lighter and fluent than Phase I.All of them indicated the link between Phase I and II.So,some scholar suggested that the cultural remains represented by Phase I and II of Shunshanji site can be seen as a new archaeological culture found in the lower reach of the Huai River which could be named as Shuanshanji Culture.Chapter four,the author was not only make business on the summary of the manufacture of pottery of Phase I and II but also compare them with the cultural relics of Phase III and other contemporary cultures in the surrounding regions.In Phase III,the portion of sand-tempered pottery is also a lot of which plant flake-tempered is commonly found.The manufacture of pottery of Phase I and II is fairly that represented by bulky,plain appearance and only a small minority of vessels are decorated,which are different from the remains of Phase III.During this period,most of potteries were thinner.Lots of fu-cauldrons decorated with cord,red and brown were the most popular color of pottery with some grey and blank ones.Some commonness cannot be overlooked between the pottery of Phase I and II and Houli Culture.Furthermore,the remains of Phase III of Shunshanji Site had many common or similar cultural elements with that of Kuahuqiao Culture distributed in Qiantang River Valley.Consequently,whether Shunshanji Site was influenced by other cultural zone during the same period was still unknown.More comparative studies on pottery crafts from different archaeological cultures should be researched deeply which can assist us to find the origins and evolution of Shunshanji Culture. |
