A Historical Review Of The "Controversy Between Science And Metaphysics" And Its Influence Study

In the early 20 th century,there was broken out "the debate on science and metaphysics" in the field of ideology and culture in China,,it also known as the "controversy on the outlook on life." The core issue of its discussion was the relationship between science and outlook on life,the matter and spirit,the tradition and modernization.The outbreak of the "Science and Metaphysics" was not only affected by the environment at home and abroad,but also inextricably linked to the cultural background of the time.At the beginning of the twentieth century,China once again faced the problem of where to go.Western cultures flooded into China,and they fought fiercely with ancient Chinese traditional culture,various social trends followed.Democracy and science have gradually entered the hearts of people after the new cultural movement,but the trend of total westernization has also been developed,this cause the strong protests from cultural conservatives.Industrialization and science and technology have indeed brought tremendous development to Western society,so science was regarded as omnipotent.However,the tremendous destruction from the First World War made western society begin to reflect on the gains and losses of scientific civilization.Liang Qichao traveled to Europe after the war and introduced the situation of western society and thoughts to our country.This side provided strong support for the followers of traditional Chinese culture.Under the mutual game of various social thoughts,the "Science and Metaphysics" was ready to go."Science and Metaphysics" is mainly divided into three stages.It was begin at February 14,1923,Zhang Junmai delivered a speech entitled "Life View" at Tsinghua University,and published it in "Tsinghua Weekly",which caused the strong dissatisfaction of scientist Ding Wenjiang.Ding Wenjiang was criticized Zhang Junmai by the "Xuanxue and Science--On Zhang Junmai's " Life Outlook "" on the "Effort Weekly".After Zhang Junmai and Ding Wenjiang unveiled the prelude to the debate,Liang Qichao,Hu Shi,Wu Zhihui and Zhang Dongyu successively joined their respective camps,they fight with each other and make the debate to the climax.At the end of 1923,Chen Duxiu made a preface to the essay on science and life,and Deng Zhongxia published "China's current ideological world",at this point,the debate is coming to an end.During the controversy,the various warring parties wrote articles to express their positions and formed three major factions,it's the science school,the metaphysical school and the historical materialism school.This paper sorts out the viewpoints of the debates between science and metaphysics,discusses the reasons for the controversy,analyzes the gains and losses of the parties to the debate,and summarizes the historical influence and contemporary value of the controversy.It is believed that "the debate between science and metaphysics" promoted the spread of Marxism in China,promoted the prosperity of modern Chinese life philosophy,and promoted the development of modern Chinese culture.Looking back at this debate,there are many useful revelations.First of all,in the process of ideological and political education,we must pay attention to the position that the metaphysical school attaches importance to humanity.Secondly,we must link the relationship between science and humanity to avoid being inferior.Third,we must treat the scientific spirit and traditional culture correctly and avoid the scientism and stick to the rules.Finally,we must break the barriers between tradition and modernity and play the role of traditional culture in the process of modernization better.