Study On South-road Tea Merchants During The Republic Of China In Khams

Khams as a sino-tibetan transition zone,in kang’s traditional trade activities,tea is one of the important commodity,sino-tibetan trade of tea merchants born and the development has an important influence in this region.In recently years,Khams has became a hotpot of academic research.Scholars have made great achievements in the study of tea politics,trade and relations between Sino-Tibetan,ancient tea-horse road routes,and policies of ethnic groups in various dynasties,but few papers have been written about tea merchants.Thus,Based on this,the author mainly discusses the tea merchants in Khams during the Republic of China,and takes the tea merchants as the object to carry out a case study to reflect the relationship between domestic and foreign forces through the rise and decline of the tea merchants in Khams during the Republic of China.During the qianlong period of the qing dynasty,the weakness of the government-run trade provide an opportunity for the development of folk tea merchants,to the period of the Republic of China,khams tea has developed to a certain scale,merchants trading activities have also been civil.Among them,the mainland tea traders,jiang’s trade was considered as good tea of high quality by the three major monasteries in Tibet because of its high quality.They jointly produced the copper plate "ren zhen du ji" to be presented to Jiang’s family,which played a certain role in the settlement of disputes between the Khams and Tibet and alleviated the contradictions among the ethnic groups.The development and politics of Tibetan tea merchants were closely combined.After 1933,the focus of trade also turned to the mainland.Under the background of Anti-Japanese War,Tibetan tea merchants actively advocated anti-japanese and material transportation,which made great contributions to the rear area of Anti-Japanese War and showed the patriotic thoughts of Tibetan tea merchants.And strengthen the contact with his style of mainland tea merchants,interactions between merchants,not only promote the development of the han and Tibetan economic and also enhance the sino-tibetan folk cultural exchange and interaction.The development of tea merchants is related to the political situation,policy making and other relevant factors.The article shows that the development of tea merchants is closely related to a family,an enterprise and a country through the rise and fall of the border tea trade of Jiang’s.Although its decline is partly caused by poor internal management,it has a lot to do with the invasion of Indian tea caused by the British colonists’ opening the door of southwest China by force,their monopoly of the tea market of Khams.The trade evolution of Bondachang reflected that bondachang played an important role in the sino-tibetan relations at that time,especially during the Anti-Japanese War,and played an important role in the unity of ethnic relations.The development of both of them was carried out under the invasion of imperialist forces,the multiple political relations between the central government and Tibet,and between the local government and the central government in Khams.Based on the case studies of Jiang’s and Bonda’s,this paper reflects the friendly relationship between han and Tibet through the rise and fall of the two.In addition,the development of tea merchants in Khams provides some experience for the development of Khams and the handling of sino-tibetan relations.