Ecological Holism And Anthropocentrism-Contradictions In Leopold's View Of Man And Nature

Leopold is an outstanding ecological litterateur and ecological thinker,whose greatest contribution to the eco-civilization is ecological holism.However,there are still some anthropocentrism ideas in his works.The existing research at home and abroad has not paid enough attention to this ideological contradiction.On the basis of textual analysis and absorbing the related research results,this paper further demonstrates this contradiction in Leopold's view of man and nature,and probes into its causes and enlightenment,which is of significance to the study of ecological literature and even ecological civilization.Having inherited the ecological wholeness view which already existed in science and philosophy,Leopold's ecological holism creatively emphasizes the value of whole nature,the ecological community,the holistic ecological society developmen t,the holistic ecological ethic and the holistic ecological aesthetic,etc.It had a great and far-reaching influence on the practice of nature conservation and the development of ecological thought.To measure nature in terms of the economic interests of man the spiritual needs of man are natural values that have appeared in all the works of Leopold.These values clearly belong to anthropocentrism thought,which are in conflict with Leopold's ecological holism.The study of Leopold from the perspective of Ecocriticism can not ignore the objective contradiction between man and nature,and further explore the origin of his ideological conflict.We can also get two important inspirations from it.On the one hand,the construction of ecological civilization should be promoted from the resource protection guided by the anthropocentrism to the nature conservation guided by the ecological holism.On the other hand,the relationship for repairing between individual behavior and ecology should be upgraded to that between human behavior and ecology.