The Ecological Analysis Of Anthropocentrism And Non-anthropocentrism

After the Industrial Revolution, the production capacity of the human society has been greatly improved while the ecological crisis which aroused by the human activities also caused the human reflection. Anthropocentrism and Non-anthropocentrism are two kinds of morality which guide the humanity to deal with the relationship of humanity and the nature and impact the human behavior significantly. Ecology is the natural science basis of the environment ethics and its principle is a good tool to study the two moralities. The theories of ecological niche, organic evolution and ecosystem have offered the theoretical basis for us to develop the analysis of the Anthropocentrism and Non-anthropocentrism.From the ecological principle, the concept and the morphology of the Anthropocentrism have the rationality and imperfection. Conceptually, the ecological niche principle affirms the interests of the humanity, especially in the unique performance of the human ecological niche. The culture reinforces this affirmation; the flow of energy confirms that the human culture is a means of delivering information, expediting its process orderly can benefit to the ecosystem; the rule of biological evolution affirms that the human capacity and potential are the result of the evolution and corresponds the ecological rule. In the form, the concept of the strong Anthropocentrism separating the human and the nature has significantly influenced the normal process of the community succession in the ecosystem while the point of the weak Anthropocentrism fits the harmonious symbiosis theory which reflects the historical progress of the Anthropocentrism. After the analysis of the concept and of the Anthropocentrism, we conclude that the underlying deviation causes of the Anthropocentrism are the mechanistic world view and the philosophy of the subject-object dichotomy.Non-anthropocentrism tried to modify the Anthropocentrism, from the ecology principle perspective the three developments process of the Non-anthropocentrism have been perfected gradually. The concept of animal liberation and rights confirming the animal status fits in the needs of the food chain by ignoring the other living beings of the biological biosphere. The confirmation of the whole lives by the Life centralism fits the needs of the biological diversity and the stability but also ignores the non-life system. Egocentrism is constructed on the basis of the ecosystem integrity and stability.Meanwhile it includes all beings to the moral consideration which is beneficial to the development of the whole ecosystem.To realize the harmonious coexistence between the human and the nature, we could not only depend on the Anthropocentrism or the Non-anthropocentrism, we must analyze the two doctrines totally, objectively and dialectically. Only we achieve the harmonious development of the human and the nature in the equal status, can achieve the actual development.