A Comparative Study Of Marx,Lukács And Honneth's Alienation Theory

After Lukács' s representative work History and Class Consciousness came out,the theory of reification of the core ideas in the book was heatedly discussed in the academic world,which triggered people's close attention to the living conditions of the subject.As the successor of Marx,Lukács studied the reification in various fields of society and put forward the diagnosis of the comprehensive reification of capitalist society.For this reason,he analyzed the root of reification,established the historical subject,proposed the way of understanding and rescue,and indicates the direction.However,due to Influenced by Hegel,the idealism tendency and the misuse of Weber's "rationalization" in Lukács' s thoughts,the reification theory has been criticized many times.On this basis,the early scholars of the Frankfurt School on Lukács' reification theory Carrying out the abandonment,proposing a social critical theory with instrumental rationality as the core,and exerting Lukács' s critique of capitalist materialization to the extreme,but due to its theoretical limitations,it is in trouble,and the concept of reification is also in a state of silence.As the third generation leader of the Frankfurt School,Honneth combines Hegel's early recognition concept with Mead social psychology,proposes the theory of intersubjective recognition,tries to rebuild the normative foundation for social critical theory,adopting a combination of normative and empirical.In order to find a deeper ontological foundation of recognition and provide more effective explanatory power and persuasiveness,Honneth turned his research perspective to Lukács' reification concept.In the opening of Analysis of the Theory of Materialized Recognition,Honneth proposed such a thought-provoking reflection: Why is the concept of reification no longer used when the phenomenon of reification is becoming more and more serious? With such doubts,Honneth re-emphasizes Lukács' s concept of “reification” on the basis of recognation theory,combining Heidegger,Dewey,Hobson and others philosophical research,with empirical research.The concept of inter-subjects with the attributes of social ontology-"original recognition" is proposed,and the reification is reinterpreted on this basis.Honneth transforms the traditional subject-and-objection mode of reification research into inter-subject mode,and uses the concept of class with social ontology,which is similar to the way Marx used labor alienation in the early stage,and to some extent realized the return to the idea of labor alienation..Through the comparative study of the theory of alienation between Marx,Lukács and Honneth,the development path of the theory of alienation is clarified,and the connotation of the era of Marxist alienation theory can be re-explored,which not only enriches the theoretical connotation of Marxism,but also helps to understand In the current state of alienation,people propose effective ways to save,and realize the free and all-round development of human beings.