Exploration And Research On Medical Practice Of Officials In Ming Dynasty

Since ancient times,there has been a phenomenon of scholar-officials practicing medical skills.However,due to the fact that doctors and medical skills have been greatly depreciated and the medical knowledge has been narrowly distributed,the number of medical practitioners is very limited.Since the Song Dynasty,the government has strongly supported the medical career,and at this time,the printing and the idea of "Nor for a good prime minister,then for a good doctor",which enabled medical and health books to be printed and published on a massive scale,thus expanding the spread of knowledge.In addition,people realized the efficacy of medical treatment,which was very consistent with the principle of Confucianism which was "heal the world,benefit the people".The literati stratu initiatively devoted themselves to invested the study of Qibo and Huangdi's medical skills according to their own needs.The two generations of Jin and Yuan scholars continued the inheritance of the medical practice,especially in the Yuan Dynasty,the abolition of the imperial examination.Although it was resumed,scholars had no way to advance during the period of abolition.And the local medicine was established in the Yuan Dynasty,the scholars started their official career by medical skills.In Ming Dynasty,practicing medical skills was no longer a tangled choice in people's thought idea.At this time,the development of commodity economy made the medical books on the market quite sufficient.But in reality,the medical and health conditions couldn't meet the needs at that moment,and the epidemic diseases was nuremous.The officials based on their own conditions of study and communication with doctors,it was feasible to practice medical skills.Due to the different medical motivations,officials studied Lu bian's medical skills according to their different needs.Out of the exploration of medical academic,some people aim to promote the optimization and upgrading of medical theory.Some people are out of the pursuit of health,in order to achieve the best physical condition,not to suffer from diseases,thereby extend lifespan.Others practice medical skills out of filial piety in order to avoid the suffering of their parents and friends.Owing to the diffcult to find a good doctor,in addition to treating the diseases for relatives and then becoming the doctor,it is also one of the motivations for officials to pursuing medical skills in order to cure their own diseases.There was an old Chinese saying "Troubled,improve yourself;Valued,improve the world".There are also officials who are dabble in the practice of Qi Huang in order to benefit the people and the world.During the official period,they relied on medical skills to benefit the people.However,the officials are not paralleled to the two positions of being a medical officer and having medical skills to rescue the people.They are divided into three states: medical treatment before official,medical treatment after official,and merger of medical officers.Some people study medicine before they were used to treat them,and then become officials.Some people begin to study Qihuang's skills for writing and practicing medicine after they no longer serving as officers;others begin to study medicine during their offical period,or use their own medical skills to treat people's diseases.The main ways for officials to study medicine are based on family study,teacher study,self-study and combination.After statistical comparison of various medical officials,it is found that the officials are basically Confucian origin or have a certain cultural background.Among them,there are also military officers,but the number is limited.Officials have been able to enter the profession through the imperial examinations which have a high cultural quality.The medical skills is only one of their skills,they also have many talents.From the official medical works,it is known that there are not only comprehensive medical research,but also different medical branch theories,which focus on the exploration of medical theory.However,it must be pointed out that officials are fond of medical skills,and are willing to interact with doctors,and be happy in doing good things,but don't want to be defined as doctors.