The Basic Type Of Rumination And Its Cognitive Mechanism In Freshmen

Rumination is the repetitive thinking about the origin,result and significance of one's life events and their own emotions.For a long time,the research of rumination focused on the negative side,positive attention had been ignored,also had limitations in classification.The cognitive mechanism of rumination has been a research hotspot in recent years,but no conclusion has yet been reached.This study takes freshmen as samples to analyze the types of rumination,and chooses attention bias and memory updating as two indicators to discuss the cognitive mechanism characteristics and differences of different types of rumination,so as to deepen the understanding of the internal processing mechanism of rumination.This research consists of two parts:The first part collects data of rulination and mental health indicators of 1848 freshmen from questionnaire survey,and reclassifies them by cluster analysis to explore the basic types of rumination of freshmen.The second part,based on the results of classification,extracts 93 subjects including each type into the experiment,adopting emotional vocabulary and emotional faces as materials,to finish attention bias and memory updating experiment as to explore the cognitive characteristics of different rumination types.The results of this study are as follows:1.According to the cluster analysis,three types of rumination were classified which were positive,negative and low.The results were verified by the relevant mental health scale.There were significant differences among the three types of rumination.The positive type had the best mental health level,the low type had the second place,and the negative type had the worst.2.Attention bias experiment results show that the response time of three types of rumination under effective cue is significantly longer than that under invalid cue,but the difference between the three types of rumination is not significant.3.The results of memory updating experiment show that emotional stimulation and matching type have significant effects on both picture and text conditions,also the interaction between emotional stimulus and matching type is significant.but there is no significant difference among the three types of rumination.The influence of emotional stimulations varies with different materials.Under the condition of text,the refreshing time of negative emotion is the longest,followed by positive emotion and neutral emotion;under the condition of picture,the refreshing time of neutral emotion is the longest,followed by positive emotion and the shortest negative emotion.Under both conditions,the response time of different matching types is longer than that of the same matching type.The conclusions of this study are as follows:There are three types of rumination for freshmen,marked as positive,negative and low;there is no significant difference in attention bias and memory updating among the three types of rumination,and the cognitive mechanism of rumination needs further study.