The Study Of Mood Words In Lunheng

The han dynasty document named(??)is careful with writing and good at debating.It has adequate language particles,rich and varied sentence tone.Mood words are the special category in Chinese which are the basic form of the mood category.This paper studies the mood words in Lunheng,and pays attention to other relative elements in the mood category,such as modal particles,modal adverb,interrogative words,etc.This thesis divides mood into six types:indicative mood,interrogative mood,lamenting mood,imperative mood,mood of limit and end,measurement mood.This paper takes Lunheng as the research object,sums up and statistically analyzes the mood words in it.We find six types and ten mood words,discuss the usage characteristics and tone nature of each mood word in detail,appropriately trace the origin of individual mood words,and try to summarize the tone system reflected in Lunheng in the eastern han dynasty.There are "ye(?),yi(?),zhe(?),yan(?)" in the indicative modal particles,the interrogative mood words."hu"(?)can also express the indicative mood in the indicative sentences.There are interrogative mood words such as "hu(?),yu(?),ye(?),zai(?)",which help to express a variety of interrogative moods at the end of interrogative sentences.Lamenting modal particles is "zai",expressing admiration,suprise,regret,sigh and so on.There are "er-yi(??),er(?),er(?)" in mood words of limit and end.The thesis thinks that the two mood words of limit and end "er"(?)and "er"(?)have different origin.There is no professional mark for the imperative mood.Common mood words are used at the end of a sentence,and together with adverbs such as "wu(?),qing(?),shu-ji(??),xing(?)?qi(?)" to constitute the imperative mood.There are also no professional mood words in measurement tone,and some conjecture words such as"dei-wu"(??)?" and "wu-nai"(??),echo with common mood words s to express measurement tone.This paper also studies 17 compound mood words in Lunheng and analyzes their compound relations and tone characteristics one by one.