The Sufferings Writing Of Abiku Trilogy In Multiple Spaces

From the perspective of constitution,in the Abiku Trilogy of Ben Okri,spaces often demonstrated multiple and interactive states,which were interweaved with the dimensions of society,territory as well as culture,and surrounded by all kinds of complex relations.In the fiction,whether as the material level of the plights of the roles,or as the spiritual level of the painful experience of the individual,sufferings demonstrated all kinds of conflicts and their influences within the spaces.The essence of spaces that could represent the relations enable the spaces to characterize the cause,representation and influences of sufferings;besides,the multidimensionality,dynamic and interaction of spaces not only enable the spaces to show the multiple states of different objects that interacting,but also enable the spaces to reveal the form of transformation and infiltration of different objects.Thus,tracing back and dredging up sufferings through the view of space,not only could we have a diversified,profound understanding about the sufferings that revealed in Okri’s writings,but also enable us to discover the possibilities of people accepting or even surpassing sufferings.Specifically,this thesis is about to illuminate from four aspects chiefly:The first chapter discussed suffering represented by the spaces.Based on the spatial theory of Lefebvre and Soja,this chapter will classify the spaces in Abiku Trilogy,and relate the interrelationship of the reality and spirit to the real space and the imaginary space.The real space and the imaginary space revealed the miserable conditions of the African downtrodden,cultural sufferings and people’s inner life experience of sufferings respectively.However,imaginary space represented the mental pain and life anxiety of the human on the one hand,but on the other hand,offered wide imagine spaces and expression spaces to people who pursuit hope,and showed the self-awareness of Africans to awake to certain extent.The second chapter analyzed the transcendence over sufferings in the reconstruction of spaces.The "Third space" theory of Edward W.Soja based on the real space and the imaginary space,aiming at reconstructing the real space and the imaginary space in other to adjust the original spatial relations and their internal conflicts,and further complete the reconstruction of spaces.From the aspect of chance of development,Africa is in the state of collision and integration between native culture and western culture,which makes it possible to reconstruct spaces.From the aspect of impact and significance,the construction of the "Third Space"was intended to transform the binary opposition into intersubjectivity of interdependence;meanwhile,the process of deconstruction,transformation and reconstruction of space also represented the process of transcendence over sufferings of Africans through the inquisition,reinterpretation and endurance of the sufferings.The third chapter illustrated the spatial narrative strategies of the sufferings.By the free transition of the internal focus and zero focus,and the construction of the spiral circular narrative structure,the fiction formed the spatial narrative effect,and by this method,express artistically the sufferings and its transcendence.Under the use of spatial narrative strategy,the sufferings realized the possibilities of being presented from var angles on the one hand,and its connotation had been further enriched and sublimated on the other hand.The last portion illustrated the value of the sufferings and its effect to the extension of living space.The existence of sufferings stimulated and enriched the inner spiritual force of the Africans,but at the same time,it should be noted that the sufferings signified the drawbacks of the national development,and the sufferings could promote the people to learn to transform and reflect,then build the modern society of Africa vibrantly.Additionally,the understanding and comprehension concerning sufferings of Okri had the feature of transcendence.In Okri’s writing,the sufferings not only was appropriate for illustrating the living circumstances and development significance of his nations,but also could reflect the destiny of different kinds of nations futher.