Analysis On The Causes Of Cracks Disease On Mural Paintings Of Yuan Dynasty In Fengguo Temple

Fengguo temple is located in the northeast of Yixian county,Jinzhou city,Liaoning province.It is one of the three great temples in Liao Dynasty.The mural paintings of Yuan Dynasty were painted in the four walls of Da Xiong Hall.The scale of murals is big.Drawing level is high.Times is clear.It has high historical value and artistic value.However,due to its long history and unstable preservation environment,the disease of the murals has been very Serious,especially the cracks in the murals.Not only damage the beauty and integrity of the murals,but also affect the stability and safety of the murals,therefore,it is necessary to analyze the cause of cracks and make protection plan.The research object of this thesis is the cause of cracks.Through the investigation of cracks,the distribution of cracks was determined,the types of cracks were judged,and the characteristics of cracks were summarized.Through the study of the murals' structure,murals' materials,and the preservation environment of the murals,the current preservation status of the fresco is clarified.The effects of environmental changes on the performance and crack development of murals were analyzed by laboratory simulation.Based on the above research results,it is proved that the building structure is stable,the foundation is stable,and there is no uneven settlement.Cracks of murals are temperature cracks.The deformation stress caused by curing shrinkage and temperature shrinkage of epoxy resin is restrained in brick wall,so it's going to be released in the earthen layer.This stress will cause deformation of the earthen layer,If the residual stress is still greater than the ultimate strength of the earth layer,the cracks will be earth layer.The temperature change will cause the separation of epoxy resin from the earth layer,and the support strength of the earth layer will decrease.The change of humidity will reduce the strength of the earth layer,and both will lead to the decrease of the ultimate strength of the earth layer.Under the condition of humidity,the epoxy resin dissolves in water and its toughness increases,which makes it easier to transfer the deformation force to the earth layer.The earth layer is more prone to cracking.