A Research On The Green Standard Army Si Chuan County In Qing Dynasty

The Qing Dynasty entered the Central Plains with its powerful army.the establishment,development and decline of the regime are closely related to the strength of the army.As the cornerstone of maintaining national prosperity and stability,the army has great responsibility,especially in the Qing Dynasty.After the ruling of China,the Qing Dynasty incorporated the soldiers of the Ming and ethnic Han soldiers into its own forces.It reorganized the troops with the basic unit of battalions by referring to the forms of the Ming Military.The reorganized troops were given with green banner as its symbol,thus they were named as the Green Standard Army.The system of the Green Standard Army was operated almost through the whole Qing Dynasty and the Army was one of the standing troops of the Qing Dynasty.During the peak time,the number of the Green Standard Army reached 660,000,and they were maintained at about 600,000 before the reign of the Emperor Daoguang,which is about three times the number of the Eight Banners.The Army played an important role in consolidating the rule of the Qing Dynasty and maintaining the regime of the Qing Dynasty.During the reign of the Emperor Yongzheng and the Emperor Qianlong,the Green Standard Army played non-negligible importance in the combats in North Western China and in the “turning native rule into regular administration” campaigns.At present,the study of the Eight Banners in the academic circles dominates the study of the Qing Dynasty army,while the study of the Green Standard Army is far behind.The study of the Green Standard Army remains on the overall study of the whole group of the Army,mainly combing the process of the emergence,development and extinction of the Army,while there is not much study on the local Green Standard Army.Therefore,this paper will carry out the research based on the “Official Archives of Nanbu County,Qing Dynasty” combined with the Baxian Archives and other local historical materials.to present a basic understanding of the various systems of the Green Standard Army in counties.This paper is divided into four parts.The first part discusses the rise and development of the Green Standard Army in Sichuan Province,and explains the role and influence of the Green Standard Army in Sichuan from the views of Sichuan's historical and geographical position.The second part discusses the organizational system and functions of the Green Standard Army in counties based on the “Official Archives of Nanbu County,Qing Dynasty”.A large number of local archives will be used in this chapter.And summarizes the daily work of the Green Standard Army in the county.The third part elaborates the various systems of the Green Standard Army in counties through the analysis of the archives,in which the soldiers' benefits,equipment,rewards and punishments,preferential care system,etc.will be discussed.Then makes a detailed analysis of the operation of the green Standard Army in the county.The fourth part discusses the influence of the Green Standard Army in counties,in which the main influences on Nanbu County,Sichuan Province and Southwestern China will be discussed.Summarizes the status and role of the green Standard Army b in the county.