The Research On Marx's Moral Criticism And The Ethical Implications Of His Community Thought

In the history of western ethical thought,the word "morality" evolved from the word "ethics".With the evolution of history and cultural changes,it has realized the transformation from the pursuit of good life in ancient Greece to the observance of law in modern society.The reason why Marx criticized morality is precisely because morality as law has the character of ideology in modern society and becomes the tool for the ruling class to safeguard its interests.Through the overall investigation of Marx's ethical thought,we can find that morality and ethics are the two dimensions of Marx's ethical thought,morality is a dominant concept,and ethics is a recessive concept.In fact,Marx fully display the ethical purport in the process of moral criticism through the exposition of community thought.Based on the reality of individuals and people's real life,he advocated the creation of a real community in a revolutionary way to achieve the free and comprehensive development of everyone,achieving the transcendence of the ancient ethical way of thinking.This paper traces the connotation of ethics and morality in Chinese and western contexts,analyzes the main characteristics of ethics and morality,and summarizes the evolution process from the orientation of ancient ethics to the orientation of modern ethics from the perspective of the history of western ethics.This paper interprets Marx's criticism of morality from the aspect of knowledge,and expounds Marx's understanding of the origin,essence,development and evolution of morality.Based on Marx's criticism of bentham's utilitarianism and Kant's deontology,this paper reveals the abstractness of capitalist morality and its class ideological essence,and generalizes two basic characteristics of moral theory in capitalist society.From the perspective of community,this paper reveals the ethical purport behind Marx's moral criticism from the perspective of value.This article reveals the Hegel's understanding of the relationship between morality and ethics,and on this basis the formation of the national ethics,this paper analyzes Marx's thought of community formed from his criticism of Hegel's national ethics and its ethical reflection.On this basis,by comparing the ethical thinking mode of Marx's community thought with that of ancientGreece.This paper reveals the ancient Greek elements and transcendence of Marx's thought of community,and highlights the theoretical characteristics of Marx's ethical thought.