The Study Of Physicalism From The Perspective Of Practical Materialism

The relationship between thinking and existence is very important for modern philosophy.It is defined by Engels as the fundamental and important problem of all philosophy.Thinking about the relationship between thinking and existence began in ancient times.Ancient Greek philosophy and ancient Chinese philosophy focused more on thinking about what kind of material the world is originally.In the middle ages,philosophy became attached to theology and stagnated.Until modern philosophers became aware of the existence of self-consciousness,the focus of the study became the unity of thinking and being.The relationship between thinking and existence appears and develops in a correct form based on the discourse of Marx and Engels and developed by subsequent Marxists.Driven by the research results of modern and contemporary brain science,physicalism,as a new form of materialism,rises and develops continuously and becomes an influential thought.On the basis of whether or not it can be reduced,physicalism elaborates on many new ideas including Mind-body Identity theory,Eliminative Materialism,Supervenience,Emergentism,and probes into the relationship between the brain(existence)and the mind(thinking)in depth and in detail.It always adheres to the basic principle that "the real unity of the world lies in materiality",and tries to clarify the operating mechanism of mind and its reaction principle to matter from the perspective of contemporary neuroscience.Of course,physicalism is not a complete theory,and it is also faced with a lot of difficulties.How to get rid of these difficulties has become the biggest problem physicalism faces.Only by getting rid of these dilemmas can physicalism be more convincing and reveal the relationship between mind and body in a deeper level.At the same time,in some aspects,physicalism also realized the inheritance of modern mechanical materialism,which made physicalism provide the necessary philosophical foundation for the development of contemporary artificial intelligence.However,physicalism only focuses on the naturalization of the formation of human consciousness,wrongly estimates the development trend of artificial intelligence,and inverts the relationship between artificial intelligence and human consciousness.Therefore,the study of the relationship between the two must rely on the Practical materialism of Marx and Engels,from the social environment and cultural factors to carry out a more profound explanation.