Research On Peaceful Land Reform In Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region During The War Of Liberation

At the beginning of the Liberation War,after thorough analysis of the situation of civil war and the social situation in the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region,the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China,in order to satisfy the working people's desire to acquire land urgently,and to strive for the strength of all sectors of society to consolidate the anti-Chiang Kai-shek United front,drew lessons from the experience of the land administration school,the land reform and the plan of rural governance advocated by the middle political faction,adopted On the basis of this,the paper puts forward the policy of peaceful land reform to solve the peasants' land problem by collecting and purchasing bonds.From the winter of 1946 to the spring of 1947,pilot work was carried out in Suide,Mizhi,Qingyang,Jiaxian and Zizhou of the Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region.From the point of view of the implementation process of peaceful land reform,it mainly experienced four stages: preparation and mobilization,peasant household investigation and composition establishment,initial acquisition mainly based on land donation by landlords and secondary acquisition mainly based on liquidation complaints.Although the peaceful land reform has not been carried out universally,it was interrupted by the occupation of Yan'an by Kuomintang troops in March 1947.In addition,due to the long-term control of the rural regime by landlords and rich peasants,the corruption of grass-roots cadres,the limitation of peasants' purchasing power and the incompleteness of guiding policies,the CPC has to abandon the idea of peaceful land reform and re-adopt the land reform plan of forcibly depriving landlords of their land.Based on the analysis of the basic-level archives in Suide District,this paper investigates the implementation process of land reform in theShaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Region from the perspective of "top-down" and "bottom-up",so as to have a comprehensive understanding of this important practical process in the process of land reform of the Communist Party of China,with a view to further deepening the study of land reform in the Border Region.