Study On Primary Education Reform In Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia Border Area During The Anti-Japanese War

The primary school education in Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region is a shining example of the new-democratic education development led by the Communist Party of China.It has made great contributions to the victory of the revolutionary war,the cultural development,and economic construction of the border region.And it also has guided important practical significance for the development of contemporary primary school education in China.Before the establishment of the government of Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region,the number of primary schools in Shaanxi Gansu region was scarce,the enrollment rate of school-age children was low,and the teaching contents,teaching methods and school running forms were extremely backward,which seriously affected the development of culture and education in the border region.The backward culture and education made the cultural quality of the masses low,which limited the propaganda of our party’s principles and policies to a certain extent,and was not conducive to the development of the Anti-Japanese War situation.In order to popularize primary education,the government of Shaanxi-Gansu-Ningxia border region adopted a series of reform measures: increased the number of schools by building and renovating old schools,mobilized students to enroll;vigorously advocated and developed national defense education,labor education and political education,reformed the teaching content,set up courses in line with the reality of the border areas;implemented the educational policy of “private and public assistance”;established a variety of flexible school-running modes: Gaojiagou model in Mizhi,Yangjiawan model in Yan’an,Yangjiagou model in Mizhi,and varieties of flexible and diverse school-running models such as new-style itinerant schools.In addition,through salary subsidies and physical allocation,the border region government advocated teachers to participate in the political and cultural affairs,In addition,through salary subsidies and material allocation,the border region government advocated teachers to participate in political and cultural affairs,strictly enforced the teacher selection and assessment system,strengthened teachers’ own learning,held winter and summer teacher training courses,and strengthened exchanges between schools,which improved teachers’ material and spiritual life,improved teachers’ social status,and strengthened the construction of teachers.The reform of primary education by the border region government has not only changed the backward face of cultural education in the border region,improved the cultural quality of the people,but also improved the ideological consciousness of the people,provided an important guarantee for the victory of the revolutionary war.Furthermore,it also has established an educational management system and system in line with the actual situation of the border region,which has laid a solid foundation for the development of education in New China.During the Anti Japanese War,the reform of primary education in the Shaanxi Gansu Ningxia border region has achieved remarkable results,which plays an important reference and guiding role in the development of contemporary primary education in China.The basic education in the new period should strengthen ideological and political education,and orientate the value of quasi-educational.Adhere to the concept of education serving social development,training practical talents;Adhere to the principle of adjusting measures according to time and place,adopt diversified teaching management mode;Create an atmosphere of respecting teachers and valuing education,and improve the social status of teachers.