A Study On The Relationship Among College Students’ Self-Perceived Ability,Anxiety,Neuroticism And Stress

Anxiety,as an emotional state that seriously affects people’s physical and mental health and quality of life,has been explored by a large number of researchers.The investigation on the mental state of college students has found that the anxiety level of college students is significantly higher than the normal level of the national norm in China.Therefore,it is urgent to re-examine the status of college students’ anxiety level and explore the causes and mechanisms of anxiety.Previous studies have shown that both stress and neuroticism can induce anxiety,but whether an individual’s ability to cope with stress can affect anxiety remains unknown.Based on the theory of phychoevolutionary theory of emotions and a large number of empirical studies,this study makes the following assumptions about the anxiety-inducing mechanism:(1)College students’ self-perceived ability can negatively predict anxiety.(2)Neuroticism can partially mediate the self-perceived ability and anxiety of college students.That is to say,college students’ self-perceived ability can indirectly affect their anxiety levels by affecting their levels of neuroticism,and can affect anxiety directly.(3)Neuroticism can partially mediate stress and anxiety.That is,external stress can indirectly affect anxiety level by affecting the level of neuroticism,and can directly affect anxiety.In the first study,the Self-Perceived Ability Scale of College Students(SPASCS)was compiled and its reliability and validity were tested.First of all,the author interviewed 20 college students about the most important adaptability of college students.After discussion with experts,the basic dimensions were drawn.Then,according to the basic dimensions and results of the interview,the preliminary questionnaire of the SPASCS was compiled.After the initial questionnaire was completed,10 college students were asked to read the questionnaire items to ensure that questions are clear and concise.Online and offline preliminary examinations were conducted on college students,and a total of 402 valid questionnaires were collected.After the identification index analysis and the correlation analysis of the item and the total score,the questionnaire items were revised and adjusted according to the results of the item analysis.Then,through exploratory factor analysis,the questionnaire dimensions were determined to form a revised questionnaire.After recovering 400 valid revised questionnaires,the confirmatory factor analysis and reliability test were used to form a formal SPASCS.In the second study,the SPASCS,Self-Rating Anxiety Scale,neuroticism subscale of NEO-Five Factor Inventory and Adolescent Life Event Scale were applied to the college students,and 802 valid questionnaires were collected.Firstly,the demographic variables were described,and the characteristics of self-perceived ability and anxiety scores in demographic distribution were described.Secondly,the four scales were analyzed to explore the feasibility of building structural equation model.Finally,the structural equation model was constructed and applied.The Bootstrap method was used to verify the rationality of the model.The conclusions of the research obtained are as follows:(1)There are 23 items in the SPASCS,which are scored in 5 points,including 5 dimensions: interpersonal ability perception;learning ability perception;emotion adjustment ability perception;recent achievement expectation;long-term achievement expectation.The Cronbach’s α of the scale is 0.916,and the internal consistency reliability interval of each subscale is(0.652,0.891).The model fitting index of the confirmatory factor analysis meets the requirements,so the SPASCS is a qualified scale.(2)College students’ self-perception is significantly negatively correlated with anxiety and negatively predicting anxiety.(3)Neuroticism partially mediates the self-perception and anxiety of college students,and the mediating effect is as high as 0.635.(4)Neuroticism partially mediates stress and anxiety,and the mediation effect is 0.143.In summary,the current status of college students’ anxiety level is serious.The self-perceived ability of college students can directly affect anxiety,and can also affect anxiety through neuroticism.While stress directly affects the degree of anxiety,it can also affect anxiety through neuroticism.Therefore,the mechanism of neuroticism’s influence on anxiety is further revealed.Since self-perceived ability is significantly negatively correlated with anxiety,neuroticism,and stress,improving self-adaptation ability can significantly reduce anxiety levels.This is a positive conclusion that provides important insights into future anxiety interventions: college students can proactively improve their ability of coping with stress and adapting to the environment to solve problems and improve themselves,while reducing anxiety levels.Therefore,in the anxiety intervention of college students,students should be encouraged and supported to enhance themselves and solve problems by actual and specific actions.This way of relieving anxiety is positive and meaningful,which is worth applying to clinical interventions of anxiety reduction.