Research On Folk-Songs And Proverbs Of The Zuo Zhuan

In the Pre-Qin Dynasty,the most prominent way of speech was to quote the deeds of the sages and good words.Folk-songs and proverbs were an important part of the quotation.Zuo Zhuan has the largest number of quotation folk-songs and proverbs,various types and rich contents,and has both literary and historical values.Therefore,focusing on the source of folk-songs and proverbs,exploring the relationship between the way of collecting historical materials and the folk-songs and proverbs in the Pre-Qin Dynasty,analyzing the types of quotation and social functions of folk-songs and proverbs,and clarifying the influence of folk-songs and proverbs on the reasoning,lyricism and narration of ZuoZhuan,as well as their functions of causal exhortation and political intervention,are of great significance for us to have a thorough understanding of Zuozhuan's folk-songs and proverbs,literary features and historical evaluation.The paper consists of the following five chapters:Chapter One: A Survey of folk-songs and proverbs in ZuoZhuan.This paper mainly defines folk-songs and proverbs,explains the proper name of "folk-songs and proverbs",and summarizes the types of folk-songs and proverbs.ZuoZhuan contains current folk-songs and proverbs that comment on people and events,rational folk-songs and proverbs rich in philosophy of life,and prophetic folk-songs and proverbs full of mysterious nature.Chapter II The Source of folk-songs and folk-songs and proverbs in ZuoZhuan.The folk-songs and proverbs in ZuoZhuan mainly come from the following three ways: first,the folk-songs and proverbs with definite authors can be collected by "pedestrians" with the help of the collecting style system;second,under the guarantee of the "hearsay" system,they can be regarded as precious historical materials and come into the sight of historians;third,the compilation of folk-songs and proverbs from that time,when people talk,they take what they need and record for historians.Chapter Three: The types of quotation of folk-songs and proverbs in ZuoZhuan.There are three types of quotation: reasoning quotation,Lyric quotation and narrative quotation.From the point of view of reasoning,folk-songs and proverbs are in the "big premise" position in the reasoning process,which is the basis and premise for making new judgments,and also plays a role in easing the atmosphere of admonition.From the lyric point of view,folk-songs and proverbs embody different Lyric styles.The lyric style of folk-songs is strong and extreme,and the lyric style of proverbs is rational.From the narrative point of view,the emergence of folk-songs and proverbs in characters' language has the function of presupposing foreshadows and enhancing dramatic conflicts.Chapter IV The Literary Characteristics of folk-songs and proverbs in ZuoZhuan.In ZuoZhuan,various rhetoric devices such as metaphor and duality are adopted,in which the metaphor of things and the metaphor of relations are both used,thus achieving the expressive effect of irony and clear-cut reasoning.It has the characteristics of combining elegance with vulgarity and being easy to understand.Some folk-songs and proverbs have regular rhythm,and rich life flavor in the choice of vocabulary.The use of antonyms strengthens reasoning and makes the folk-songs and proverbs more speculative.Chapter 5: The quotation function of folk-songs and proverbs in ZuoZhuan.The folk-songs and proverbs quoted in ZuoZhuan have the functions of causal exhortation and interference in politics.First,the folk-songs and proverbs themselves include the reasons and results of the development of events.Secondly,the folk-songs and proverbs are used to explain the causes of events by means of prophecy and achieve the purpose of admonishment.The popularity of folk-songs and proverbs determines that their status as solicitors is not restricted.Every one can use them.Folk-songs and proverbs are widely disseminated to form public opinion,which attracts the attention of the upper ruling class.At the same time,the folk-songs and proverbs in the admonition also play a direct role in intervening in political decision-making.