Althusser's Theory Of Ideological State Apparstus And It's Contemporary Enlightenment

As the main representative of structuralist,Althusser plays an important role in the history of western Marxism.He pointed out that Marx established the modern context of the development of ideology.However,he only laid the theoretical foundation for it.His theory of ideology is imperfect and needs continuous the development and continuous of later generations,only then can the real ideology theory itself can be formed.In addition,he believes that Marx's theory of state,to a certain extent is only the laying stage of great science,and still needs to be continuously enriched by future generations.Therefore,on the basis of Marxism,he combined his own theoretical advantages and the background of the times,starting from the reproduction of capitalism,he put forward the theory of ideological state apparatuses.First,in Marx's theory of ideology,it exists mainly as conceptual superstructure,while the state is a violent tool of class rule;Lenin's theory of politic leadership believes that the foundation of political stability is to obtain political leadership first;Gramsci's opinion saw the state as a combination of power and hegemony.Althusser fully absorbed Marx's discourse the theory of ideology and state,combined Lenin's theory of political leadership and Gramsci's theory of cultural hegemony,and proposed the concept of ideological state apparatuses.As a theory of new,reproduction has been Althusser's characteristic and the core of his theory.Because of the reproduction of capitalist productive relations,the rule of capitalism can be maintained.By interpreting the classification,characteristics and functions of the ideological state apparatuses,Althusser defined different state apparatuses,explained the theoretical connotation of ideological state apparatuses,he shows his criticism of the state apparatuses with the function of reproductive exploitation and reveals the nature of exploitation of this kind of state machinery.After that,it is an introduction to the place where his ideological state apparatuses functions,mainly in three aspects: church,family and school,and he revealing the fact that these institutions concealed the service of ruling class.Finally,it is an objective evaluation of the theory of ideological state apparatus.It shows that the theory is of great significance both in theory and in practice,that is,it not only enrichesthe theory of ideology and Marxist of state,and also it has a very important reference significance to our country's construction of socialism with Chinese characteristics.However,everything has two sides.Althusser's theory still has some shortcoming and limitation.It also reminds us to avoid these limitations when applying the theory of the state apparatus of ideology.Althusser's theory of ideological opened a new direction and a new chapter for the study of Western ideology theory,up to now,this theory is still of great value.This paper regards this theory as the research foundation object,based on the Marx's ideological theory.By understanding Althusser,it shows the value and vitality of Marx's ideology theory,and through its connotation to understand the connotation of the theory and to be familiar with the function of ideological state apparatus.And then,it is helpful for us to better understand and grasp Althusser's theory and realize the leading position of Marx's ideology in the construction of socialist ideology.