| Umberto Eco(1932-2016),is a world-renowned Italian scholar-type novelist.Eco is both a university professor and an important public intellectual in Europe,he has made remarkable achievements in many fields such as literary theory,semiotics,popular culture,medieval philosophy and aesthetics.Eco has authored seven novels such as The Name of the Rose,most of the novels involve themes of medieval culture places such as monasteries and museums,as well as themes of nature.His stylistic style includes both the style of medieval chronicles and Baroque style.Eco is a rare and encyclopedic writer who consciously combines novel creation with spatial art.The Name of the Rose(Il nome della rosa,1980),The Island of the Day Before(L’isola del giorno prima,1994),Baudolino(Baudolino,2000),respectively represent Eco’s early,middle and late creation styles,presenting strong spatial narrative characteristics.These three representative works have a typical spatial form,drawing out Spatial rheogram from the closed space to the deviated space and then to the flowing space in Eco’s novels,multiple spatial elements such as monasteries,castles,libraries,abandoned ships,desert islands,streets,churches,Christian cities and dreams often appear in his works.The Name of the Rose,The Island of the Day Before and Baudolino include both impressive and visual writing of "physical space",as well as engaging and writing of "psychological space" and "social space".In addition,on the basis of following the linear narrative of time,Eco’s novels are often interspersed with various spatial writings,advancing the development of narrative through the interactive transformation of space,and slowly and orderly highlighting the multiple spatial narrative themes of the novel.This paper selects three representative works as the research objects,and takes the text as the unit and the spatial narrative theory as a theoretical tool to conduct an overall analysis of the spatial narrative of each text,and on this basis,explores the spatial narrative characteristics and significance of Eco’s novels.The paper consists of five parts.The introduction mainly introduces the creation of Umberto Eco’s novels and three representative works,the origin of the topic and writing of this paper,and the current research status of Eco’s fiction at home and abroad,the theory of spatial narrative and Umberto Eco Feasibility analysis and research significance of novel research.The first chapter discusses the writing of the power discipline in the closed space of The Name of the Rose.There are three types of spatial writing in The Name of the Rose,which are "space characterized by group portraits of people","space marked by spiritual alienation",and "space as discipline of power discourse".In the novel,the first type"material space" is a sensible and sensible space,the latter two types of "psychological space" and "social space" are constructed by the memory of textual characters and formed in the reader’s imagination of "representation space".The memory of fictional characters is not only a compass for readers to explore various spaces in the novel,but also an identity card for fictional characters to freely enter and exit different spaces.This paper investigates The Name of the Rose from the perspective of space,reveals the state of its existence through the spatial experience of the characters in the novel,and further explores the power discipline writing of Eco in the closed space,in order to reveal the spiritual alienation of people in the medieval society.The second chapter analyzes the literary therapy writing in The Island of the Day Before.The hero of the novel The Island of the Day Before is Roberto,a person suffering from hypochondria and a suspicious frame of mind,suffering psychologically and spiritually indescribable pain alone in the deviation space.In his novel The Island of the Day Before,Eco explores how people in the chronotopos space(abandoned ships,desert islands)that deviate from people and society can repair and treat the trauma caused by their childhood.The symmetrical space-time body space(Casale city,abandoned ship)is a metaphorical space for Roberto’s mental trauma(hypochesis,suspicion),and the interlaced space-time body space(the country of the novel)is the space for literary therapy.From the perspective of spatial narrative,we can better understand why the modern man Roberto,who lives alone in deviated space,has self-trauma narration in symmetrical space-time body space,literary therapy in staggered space-time body space himself,and why he has to go to seek the meaning of survival and the fullness of life.The third chapter explores the cognitive writing of identity in the flowing space of Baudolino.At this time,Eco’s concept of spatial narrative has also changed,he no longer places the characters in a closed space or a deviated space,but places them in a space where they can flow freely.Therefore,we can see that the novel’s protagonist Baudolino embarked on the "spatial practice" of the search for spatial belonging and the journey of identity cognition,which is both the mediator of his behavior activities and experience,and the result of them.That is,after experiencing the space roaming journey from the Roman Empire(as the space where "story takes place")to the Church of St.Sophia(as the space where "story tells")and then to Symbiana(the space as "place of action"),the self-identity cognition is realized.The "space practice" of the novel’s protagonist Baudolino has statutory space behaviors,such as giving wise advice to Frederick the Great,building a palace for the priest king John,participating in the Third Crusade,and fighting against the White Hans;there are also acts of space that transcend the statute,such as reprimanding the emperor,tempting the queen,and falling in love with the Ipaggians.The conclusion comprehensively summarizes the basic content of this thesis,and summarizes the space narrative characteristics and significance of Eco’s novel from the two aspects of the novel text and the reader.Finally,it points out that the theme of Eco’s spatial novel creation is "human-space existential relationship",from exploring the spiritual alienation of people in the closed space of The Name of the Rose to the treatment of mental trauma in The Island of the Day Before deviated from the space,to the multi-identity cognition of people in the floating space of Baudolino.These three representative works have a typical spatial form,drawing out the spatial rheology of Eco’s novel from closed space to deviated space and to flowing space. |
