| In recent years,with the continuous promotion of the spirit of Jiao Yulu,the study of Jiao Yulu spirit has gradually become one of the important topics in contemporary history research.Jiao Yulu's spirit was born in the historical event of "three evils" governance led by Jiao Yulu in the 1960 s.Although the academic research on the spirit of Jiao Yulu has been quite mature,the research on the governance of "three evils" in Lankao County needs to be further deepened.It is of great significance to clarify the origin and development of the "three evils" control in Lankao County.On the one hand,in-depth study of the "three hazards" governance in Lankao County is an important basis for further carrying forward the spirit of Jiao Yulu.On the other hand,the current situation of ecological environment is still grim,and the research on this subject is of great practical significance.Lankao is located in the old road of the Yellow River in the eastern plain of Henan Province.The problems of wind sand,salt alkali and waterlogging(hereinafter referred to as "three disasters")have a long history.The back River depressions on both sides of the old road,the riverbed trough depressions in the center of the old road and the sporadic dished depressions form the natural low-lying and waterlogging prone areas.Because they are all located on the alluvial deposits of the first generation of the Yellow River in the old road,sand,waterlogging and salinization are closely related to each other in origin and geographical distribution,often interweaved with each other and become disasters.The land threatened by sandstorm,flood and salinization accounts for 90% of the county's cultivated land,and the people are suffering.Because of the negative influence of "three evils" on the social life of farmers,rural and urban areas and even the industrialization process of the country,"three evils" has become an urgent problem to be solved in the whole country from top to bottom.In the early days of the People's Republic of China,under the leadership of the Communist Party of China,the problem of "three evils" was basically dealt with.In the middle and late 1950 s,due to a series of measures not in line with the actual situation in the plain river network and the "great leap forward",the "three evils" in Lankao were rampantagain.At that time,under the background of "taking grain as the key link",the "three evils" became more and more serious,and a series of social problems emerged,forcing the Lankao County Government to make a chain reaction to the "three evils" problem and set about solving it.However,in the early stage of management,the management of "three hazards" is included in the production and disaster relief,rather than an independent category.On the whole,the primary response of the government to the "three disasters" is mainly to curb the further spread of the disaster.The relevant measures are only to allocate materials to support the disaster area and issue relevant laws.There is no overall grasp of the basic situation of the "three disasters",no systematic governance plan for the "three disasters" and no understanding of the long-term nature and difficulty of the "three disasters" governance Foot.Generally speaking,the initial treatment effect of "three hazards" in Lankao County is not significant.The torrential rain in August 1963 in Lankao County has become an opportunity for the comprehensive implementation of "three hazards" control.On the basis of comprehensive and detailed field investigation and political mobilization,the "three evils" treatment was carried out in an all-round way.Based on agriculture and the basic policy of "protecting agriculture with forest,supporting forestry with agriculture and closely combining agriculture and forestry",Lankao County adheres to the policy of "state-owned country building,team building,team building,team building,who build,who build,who build,who have" and adopts disaster prevention,adaptation to local conditions,diversified,comprehensive management,mutual promotion and close combination for sand dunes and tuyeres way.Under the guidance of the plain water control policy formulated by the Henan Provincial Committee of the Communist Party of China,based on the local specific situation,we will continue to implement the "three main water control" policy of "giving priority to drainage,giving priority to self operation by the masses,and giving priority to renovation and matching" and the water control principle of "giving up less to save more,giving up bad to do good,fully negotiating,mutually beneficial,and not making flood move" The method of "observation in summer,autumn and rainy season,dry treatment in winter and spring,re observation,re treatment and combination of observation and treatment" and the method ofcombining cadres,old peasants and technicians are used to eliminate waterlogging.In terms of steps,according to the strength,we should first carry out projects with less employment,large income and immediate effect,and then carry out projects with more employment and wide income,so as to meet the requirements of supporting drainage projects as soon as possible.In the aspect of harnessing salt and alkali and improving soil,we have grasped the main measures of adjusting measures to local conditions,made comprehensive use of them,conscientiously summarized and used the effective experience of local people in harnessing alkali,and experimentally accepted the guidance of the experience of science and technology from other places.In the process of "three evils" governance,a large number of model communes,brigades and individuals were born,which played a role of "point to area".Among them,the road of Shuang Yangshu,the spirit of Hancun,the determination of Qinzhai and the drive of Zhao Duolou not only promote the further management of "three evils",but also become an important source of Jiao Yulu's spirit.During this period,the management of "three evils" in Lankao achieved certain results.Many old disaster teams changed into surplus grain teams,which improved the social outlook of Lankao to a certain extent,but the "three evils" were not thoroughly managed.At the end of the 20 th century,the "three evils" in Lankao greatly improved.First of all,it obviously depended on the reform of the land system in recent years.Under the background of the sixties and seventies,the system became one of the important factors limiting the "three evils" in Lankao.Secondly,the governance of "three evils" should rely on the rapid development of science and technology rather than extensive and in-depth mass movements.Although the personnel composition of "Three Combinations" of the government,technicians and experienced old peasants at that time was not too flawed in theory,and the government also established relevant scientific research institutions,but the technology was still relatively backward.Scientific research,mechanization of agriculture,research and development of chemical fertilizer and farming technology all decided that it was impossible to completely eradicate the "three pests" at that time.The governance of "three evils" in Lankao gave birth to the spirit of Jiao Yulu.The spirit of Jiao Yulu has a long history,and has a new connotation of the times in the contemporaryera,which has an important value.In August 2014,general secretary Xi Jinping summed up the spirit of Jiao Yulu as "three strands of strength".That is to say,we should learn to carry forward the tenacity and the hard work of Comrade Jiao Yulu to the masses.The historical process of getting rid of poverty and becoming rich in Lankao County provides a reference for the current national poverty alleviation and building a well-off society in an all-round way. |
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