The Reconstruction Of Subjectivity From The Perspective Of Historical Materialism Reconstruction

The reconstruction of Marx’s theory of subjectivity is an important aspect of the reconstruction of the historical materialism of western marxism.Facing the dilemma of subjectivity,Lukacs,Althusser and Habermas formed their own theories of subjectivity on the premise of interpreting Marx’s theory of subjectivity.Lukacs attaches great importance to the awakening of proletarian subject consciousness and revolutionary practice.Althusser’s pluralistic determinism of objective structure and contradiction;Habermas moved towards the theory of intersubjectivity and communicative behavior.They have enriched and developed Marx’s theory of subjectivity to some extent,but the limitations and defects are also very obvious.They all made a fatal mistake of neglecting their wholeness and historical generation.Marx’s theory of subjectivity has gone through the process from free consciousness to humanistic criticism to social history,and finally formed a mature theory of subjectivity which takes "realistic man" as the starting point,practice as the basis and liberation as the purpose.Marx’s theory of subjectivity needs to be inherited and developed in combination with contemporary reality,that is,it needs to be reconstructed.However,only by correctly interpreting Marx’s theory can we truly return to Marx and develop Marx,and can we help guide people to deal with the dilemma of subjectivity.Grasping the principle of dialectical unity of subject and object on the basis of practice and the generative principle in social history,we can say that we have grasped the essence of Marx’s theory of subjectivity,as well as the truth that the dilemma of subjectivity must exist and must die out.The dilemma of subjectivity is formed in the continuous practice of human beings in social history,and it is bound to collapse in the production practice and communication practice of the subject.