Investigation Into Usage,source And Typology Of Rang ?,Marker Of Emphatic Pronoun As An Argument In Shagnyu Dialect,branch Of Wu Dialect In China

The demonstrative emphatic pronouns are rare in human languages.The concept of emphatic pronoun is almost absent in the traditional grammatical system in China.In the past,the use of emphatic pronouns was classified into the function of reflexive pronouns,while contemporary typology has distinguished the two.Based on the facts of dialects,this article determines the emphatic pronoun Rang ? in Wuyu Shangyu dialect as the research object,describes its syntax and pragmatic function,examines its source and evolution path,explores its typological significance,and enriches the understanding of evolution law of emphatic pronouns markers,which can provide a reference for the study of emphatic pronoun and emphatic pronoun markers in other Chinese dialects and languages worldwide.The Wuyu Shangyu dialect emphasizes that the pronoun mark "Rang ?" can only be used before the three-line personal pronoun.It cannot be used alone as an argument element,cannot be used independently,and has no independent meaning.The "Rang ? Pro" form composed of personal pronouns can be used as an argument element to form an independent syntactic word.Its acceptability in the three positions of "topic","subject" and "object" gradually decreases,and it tends to appear At the beginning of the sentence,most of them appear in the form of polished rods.The emphatic pronouns marker Rang ? in Shangyu dialect can only be used before the personal pronouns,which cannot be used as the argument component alone.It cannot be used independently,and has no independent meaning.It can be used as the argument component only when the form of "Rang ? Pro" is companioned with personal pronouns,then it could be an independent syntactic word.Its acceptability gradually decreases in the three positions of "topic","subject" and "object".What's more,it tends to appear at the beginning of the sentence,and mostly individuallyThe "Rang ? Pro" expresses as a topical focus([-highlight],[+contrast]).Sentences using the form of "Rang ? Pro" focus on the topic,which generally can't omit the following topic components.Although the personal pronoun after Rang ?differs from the common topic in the listener's mind,it is not more emphasized than other elements in the sentence.There is no doubt that Rang ? itself is a topical focus marker,which expresses the function of contrast that happens at the off-sentence components.The emphatic pronouns marker Rang ? in Shangyu dialect has went through the grammaticalization process of "offering verb> allowing verb > emphasize pronoun marker".Its grammaticalization surrounding is the pivotal construction of "Rang ? +object + VP" among which the subject could be left out.Meanwhile,influenced by the combination of syllables and high frequencies,"Rang ? + object + VP" is reanalyzed from the pivotal structure into subject-predicate structure of "Rang ?pron+VP"."Rang ? pron" solidifies into the emphatic pronoun,and Rang ?develops into the emphatic pronoun marker.The emphatic pronoun marker Rang ? in Shangyu dialect provides a new path for the development of emphatic pronoun marker,which enriches the types of the emphatic pronoun marker in the world.