The Effect Of Active Control On Working Memory And Inhibition Control Of Children Aged 6.5-8.5

For early childhood learning,research in recent years has proceeded from a constructivist learning theory,thinking that young children are rational constructivist learners and active learners.Active control is the core element of active learning.Existing studies have found that in the field of causality,active learning is more effective than traditional passive observation and guidance.By determining the basic cognitive processes of active control in learning,the researchers found that the dominant effect of active control is mainly reflected in memory,and active control can improve individual short-term memory and long-term memory.At present,research on children's active learning is generally lacking,and the cognitive mechanism of the advantages of active learning is still unclear.Based on the basic cognitive ability required to participate in active learning and combined the yoked experimental paradigm,this study designed a new experimental task,through the newly edited picture position recognition task,picture running memory task and adapted color-word Stroop task,to compare children's performance under active control condition and yoked condition,and to explore the effect of active control on children's spatial memory,working memory updating function and inhibitory control.The purpose is to determine the cognitive mechanism of active learning.A total of 128 children aged 6.5-8.5 years were selected in the study.There were 64 children with active control condition and yoked condition.The two groups of children with the same gender and age were paired.The results showed that:(1)children's recognition accuracy of spatial memory under active control was higher than that under yoked condition,and different memory spans and children's age had no significant effect on spatial memory performance.(2)Under active control condition,children's working memory updating score was higher,but this performance was affected by memory spans.Only when the length of memory sequence was 5,active control had the most significant effect on the working memory updating ability of school-age children.(3)The average reaction time of children under active control condition was shorter than that of children under yoked condition,and the interference of word meaning to color was more effectively suppressed,that is,the inhibition and control ability was better.In general,the research results prove that active control can improve spatial memory,working memory updating function and inhibition control ability of school-age children,which provides research clues for further exploring the cognitive mechanism of active learning in the future.