| In recent years,there are more and more researches on subsequent immoral behavior.Subsequent immoral behavior refers to the experience of acting in accordance with past patterns of behavior,in which an individual has acted immorally in the past and is more likely to act immorally later.The purpose of this study is to explore the causes and intervention methods of subsequent immoral behaviors.Previous studies have pointed out that if an individual produces an immoral behavior,the likelihood of subsequent immoral behavior is higher,and the self-dehumanization may be one of the reasons for the repeated immoral behavior.Self-dehumanization refers to a negative state that destroys positive self-image when an individual ignores or denies the human characteristics of others and considers himself as lacking in human nature.Therefore,this study first discusses the relationship between self-dehumanization and subsequent immoral behavior.Secondly,it discusses the methods to reduce or prevent the individual's subsequent immoral behavior.The key is to mitigate or eliminate the individual's self-dehumanization state.According to the Self-affirmation theory,self-affirmation is one of the ways to mitigate individual's self-dehumanization state.Self-affirmation can reduces the occurrence of subsequent immoral behavior by moderating the individual's self-dehumanization.Finally,this study explores the preventive effect of self-affirmation on individual's immoral behavior under the condition of self-dehumanization or low self-dehumanization.This study consists of three experiments.Experiment 1 adopts the experiment design among single-factor subjects.The independent variable is the first immoralbehavior(the first immoral behavior,morality and neutrality),the mediating variable is the self-dehumanization,and the dependent variable is the subsequent immoral behavior.The experiment consists of three parts.First,the behavior recall method is used to manipulate the independent variables.Secondly,the mediating variables were measured by self-dehumanization scale.Finally,the dependent variable is measured by digital matrix paradigm.The results showed that compared with the moral group and the neutral group,the unethical group had a higher degree of self-dehumanization and more subsequent unethical behaviors.This suggests that self-dehumanization is one of the causes of the vicious circle of immoral behavior.Experiment 1 is to further verify that individuals with high degree of self-dehumanization will show more subsequent immoral behaviors.On this basis,experiment 2 aims at the self-dehumanized individuals to explore the influence of self-affirmation on the subsequent immoral behaviors of the group.In experiment 2,the experiment design was conducted among one-factor subjects.The independent variable was self-affirmation(self-affirmation,no self-affirmation),and the dependent variable was the subsequent immoral behavior.First,experiment 2 requires the subjects to recall and describe past immoral behaviors,so as to improve the subjects' self-dehumanization level.The participants were then asked to be either self-affirming about themselves(positive about their own strengths)or non-self-affirming about themselves(recall the foods they had eaten in the 48 hours).Finally,the digital matrix paradigm is used to measure the subsequent immoral behavior.The results showed that compared with the non-self-affirming group,the self-affirming group had less self-dehumanization and less subsequent unethical behavior.This suggests that self-affirmation has a positive effect on reducing the subsequent unethical behavior of self-dehumanized individuals.Experiment 3 is to discuss the preventive effect of self-affirmation on the immoral behavior of non-self-dehumanized or low self-dehumanized individuals.In experiment3,the experiment design was conducted among the one-factor subjects.The independent variable was self-affirmation,while the dependent variable was immoral behavior.The experiment made the subjects in a normal emotional state,that is,non-self-dehumanization or low self-dehumanization,by asking them to perform a neutral task.The subjects were then randomly divided into two groups(self-affirmation group and no self-affirmation group).Finally,the immoral behavior was measured by digital matrix paradigm.The results showed that in the normal state of individuals,the role of self-affirmation is small,the difference of immoral behavior is not significant.Combined with experiment 2,it can be shown that self-affirmation has positive influence on the self-dehumanized individuals,but has little influence on the non-self-dehumanized individuals.In conclusion,self-dehumanization may be one of the causes of vicious circle of immoral behavior,that is,one of the influencing factors of immoral immoral behavior.The method of self-affirmation can reduce the following immoral behavior by reducing the degree of self-dehumanization of individuals.However,for no self-dehumanizing individuals,that is,individuals in a normal state,self-affirmation has little effect on immoral behavior. |
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