Effects Of Perceptual Disfluency Signals On Text Learning

Research on reading strategies has found that the use of text signals can improve learners' learning efficiency of signaled contents,but may inhibit learning of subordinate content.Some researchers have found that by reducing the perceptual fluency of learning materials,learners can improve their understanding and retention of learning content.However,in the current research on text signals,researchers mainly use the signals to highlight the content,that is,to increase the perception of the signaled content visually with auxiliary methods such as signaling in red,without considering another possibility of signals--that is opposite to highlighting and reduces the visibility of the content.At the same time,in the current studies on the effect of fluency,the form of perceptual fluency is applied to all learning materials,and the results show that the effect of fluency manipulation on learning is not robust.If combining text signals and disfluency manipulation,using disfluent signals,which reduce the signaled content of perceptual fluency or selective disfluency manipulation in the material,this form of signal/disfluency manipulation may have a positive impact on learning effect,that is,the improvement of text learning effects can be achieved through the signal effect and the disfluency effect.In order to explore the influence and mechanism of disfluency signals on text learning,this study used eye movement tracking technology to explore the influence of disfluency signals on text learning through two experiments.In the first experiment,an experimental design was adopted among the subjects,and a control group was set to compare the learning effect of highlight signals(red signals)and disfluency signals on texts with the similarities and differences of reading patterns.On the basis of experiment one,experiment two adopted the design of within subject experiment to explore the influence of different proportion of disfluency signals on text learning.Based on the findings of the two experiments,this study comes to the following conclusions:(1)The effect of disfluency signals is similar to that of highlighting signals,which can improve the understanding and retention of the signaled content,and will not inhibit the learning of subordinate content;Readers' reading strategies when reading disfluencysignals are different from those when reading non-signal text.(2)The use of proportion in the text of disfluency signals directly affects the learning effect of the text.The learning effect of text with less signals is better than those with more signals and those without signals.There was no significant difference in reading pattern and learning effect between the 50% signals and no signal texts.(3)The disfluency effect is affected by the perceived disfluency of the manipulation quantity in the text material.