A Study On The Problems Of Northern Inter-provincial Immigration In The Early And Mid 20th Century

The late Qing Dynasty and the early Republican period were in a period of social change.Disasters,wars,and other factors accelerated the decline of the rural areas.The lower-level people left the village and embarked on the road of escape.This immigration phenomenon lasted until the 1950 s and 1960 s,and the time span encompassed the early to mid-20th century.The places of such immigrants are mainly concentrated in Shandong,Henan and other provinces.The reasons for the migration are mainly floods,droughts,insects,wars,and the imbalance of human-land relations caused by them.They faced many difficulties in the process of finding livable places.In this period,due to the loss of population caused by the disaster in Shanxi,there was a great demand for labor,which provided the necessary space for immigrants to move in.The immigrants in modern times are mainly concentrated in the Jinnan area of Shanxi Province,and Jiang County is one of the important places for immigration.The distribution of immigrants in Jiang County is mainly based on the Sushui River Basin and the Huishui River Basin.The relatively superior hydrological environment and convenient transportation have become a location advantage to attract immigrants.The arrival of immigrants has promoted the development of local politics,economy and culture,and also caused certain problems.A detailed and in-depth interpretation of the process of foreign immigrants entering the rural society is beneficial to grasp the development and changes of the region.After entering the new rural society,the immigrants faced multiple choices for survival.In the early days,most of them lived off begging for food,making life unsustainable and low social status.After a period of time,the reclamation of wasteland and the sale of labor gradually began,which is also the basis for immigrants to establish themselves on the ground.On this basis,the continuous development of some householdhandicrafts and sideline industries,and the process of immigrants seeking ways of livelihood have also accelerated the occupational differentiation in Hengshui Town.The way of making a living has laid a foundation for the immigrants to survive.The arrival of the "revolution" has provided them with new opportunities.The family members of the poor and the middle peasants have sought political capital for them.They have obtained some means of production through immigrants such as housing and land,and they are more active in village political affairs.By joining the Communist Party and joining the army,they actively responded to national policies,gradually held positions in villages and entered the core circle of village political power,and became a new force in village construction.Marriage and family life are also an important witness of the process of integration of immigrants into the village,which changes with changes in political,economic and social status.The marriage relationship of immigrants before the land reform was greatly restricted,and women's status in the marriage relationship was low;the marriage relationship of immigrants after the land reform has expanded to a certain extent in social strata and geographical space,but in general it was still Limited by the time background and social environment.After the land reform,the family structure of immigrants has also changed a lot.The phenomenon of father-son separation and brother separation is very common.The dynamic changes of immigrants in economy,politics and daily life,from entering the village to integrating into the village,are the portrayal of the real life of the lower class people in the context of the times.