A Study On The Imperial Examination Of Xiong'an In Ming And Qing Dynasties

In Ming and Qing Dynasties,stable regime,unified ideology and excellent education were a good social environment for Xiong'an imperial examination.The guiding ideology of respecting classics and Confucianism directly controlled the direction and value of the imperial examination,and the general plan of rejuvenating education and transforming the people promoted the large-scale reconstruction and construction of Xiong'an county school,Academy,Shexue and Yixue.These education took the imperial examination as the goal to organize the teaching,served the imperial examination completely,and became the appendage of the imperial examination.The integration of Cheng Zhu philosophy and Xiong'an regional thought affectd the value orientation and cultural mentality of Xiong'an scholars.The imperial examination in Ming and Qing Dynasties formed a four-level examination program of Children examination,Provincial examination,Metropolitan examination and Palace examination.The Children examination included the county test,the prefecture test and the hospital test.The scholars of Xiong'an took part in the county test presided over by the county magistrate,the prefecture test presided over by the prefecture magistrate of Baoding,and the hospital test presided over by the academic administration.Those who passed got the reputation of "Xiucai".Then they entered the official school to study,participated in the Suishi and the Keshi,and the enrollee got the qualification to participate in the Provincial examination.After that,they went to Shuntianfu to participate in the Provincial examination and got the reputation of "Juren".Then they took part in the Metropolitan and Palace examination and got the reputation of "Jinshi".In Ming and Qing Dynasties,Xiong'an imperial examination achieved good results.Through the statistics of the spatial and temporal distribution of Xiong'an three counties' scholars,it is found that in Ming and Qing Dynasties,Xiong'an imperial examination achievement was always in the middle of Baoding,with stable achievements,but there are obvious differences among the three counties: Anxinranked first,Xiongxian middle ranked,Rongcheng ranked last.Xiong'an also produced many imperial examination families,including Hou Zan family,Sun Qifeng family and Chen Derong family.They combined the family culture with the imperial examination culture and produced a strong imperial examination force,representing the local imperial examination strength.The Jinshi Group was the glory of Xiong'an imperial examination.They had made remarkable achievements in different fields,which was an important part of Xiong'an's performance spectrum.The imperial examination played a positive role in Xiong'an.The most direct result was the selection of national officials and talents from all walks of life.The function of "selection" brought about the up and down flow or parallel flow of Xiong'an social stratum,and promoted the change of social structure,resulting in the gentry stratum.The imperial examination,combined with Xiong'an culture,had cultivated an generous elegy and justice national integrity,a concrete matters and relief difficult academic style.Reading history and studying the imperial examination of Xiong'an in Ming and Qing Dynasties are conducive to expanding the historical and cultural resources of Xiong'an new area,enhancing the attention of talents in the construction of the new area,and vigorously cultivating and introducing innovative talents.