Research On The Tombs Of The Zhongshan State In The Han Dynasty

Emperor Jing of Han Dynasty's third year on duty,after dealing with "The rebellion of the seven kingdoms",the court began to implement a comprehensive policy of cutting the vassal,separate Changshan and establish Zhongshan State.So far,the archeological excavations of the tombs of Zhongshan State in the Han Dynasty are relatively abundant,especially the excavations of the princes 'tombs,which has aroused great attention from the academic circles to the study of ancestors' burials in the Han Dynasty and generated some new knowledge.However,the research on the tombs of Zhongshan State mostly focuses on some aspects of vassal tombs,typical funerary products,descent age,and tomb decoration.There are few researches on the combination of large tombs and small and medium tombs in Zhongshan,and there are also few research results that link political and geographical factors with tombs.In this paper,firstly,the author summarizes the process and reasons for the multiple abandonment of Zhongshan Kingdom in conjunction with the relevant achievements of the Han Dynasty's geography research,draws the geographical scope of the main study,and details the tomb excavations in typical areas,including 10 large tombs and 174 small and medium tombs.Large tombs are concentrated in Dingzhou(Lunu),Mancheng(Peiping),and Wangdu,and small and medium-sized tombs are concentrated in archeological excavations in Dingzhou(Lunu),Tangxian,and Mancheng(Peiping).Then analyze and study from the dimensions of tomb shape and related issues,funeral products,and changes in funeral concepts.Finally,it compares with the individual tombs in Liangjing area and the surrounding areas,and analyzes the characteristics and significance of the tombs in the Zhongshan State of Han Dynasty.The study found that with the adjustment of the Han Dynasty government's policies on the vassal states,the large tombs of the Zhongshan State were significantly strengthened by the system after the middle of the Western Han Dynasty.Compared with the large tombs in the two-capital region,the tomb shape system and related aspects show a certain "conservatism" and "lagging." Small and medium-sized tombs are showing great innovation.The development of sacrifice ideas and the process of transforming the tomb to the brick-chamber tomb are apparent in the small and medium-sized tombs in Zhongshan State.During the Han Dynasty,the development and changes of the funeral concept in Zhongshan State maintained a high degree of unity with the two-capital region.The setting and beautification of the furniture in large tombs more reflects the personal wishes of the tomb owner;For small and medium-sized tombs,the shape of the tomb and the display of the accompanying funerals,while combining the economic situation of the tomb owner.In the Eastern Han Dynasty,the recognition and promotion of co-burial by the ruling class accelerated the evolution of the tomb-shaped system towards brick rooms,vaulting tomb,and multi-rooms.The development and popularization of small brick tombs in the Hanzhongshan Kingdom objectively promoted the evolution of the Han tomb system,and in addition,it was conducive to the formation of the Han culture.