Ethical Thinking On The Problem Of Municipal Solid Waste In China

Along the rapid economic development since China's reform and opening up,it is the acceleration of China's urbanization process.City scale expanding rapidly,the rapid growth of urban population,and material life has begun to enter the “rich society”.However,many cities have emerged as “garbage sieges”,and the centralized treatment of garbage faces the dilemma of “NIMBY(not in my backyard)”.The government appears to be unable to cope with it,and the living environment and quality of life of urban residents are seriously threatened.The solution to the problem of urban domestic garbage and the construction of ecological civilization cannot be delayed.In fact,in the 1970 s,developed countries faced various problems brought about by the rapid economic development,including the problem of municipal solid waste.Over the years,they have gained a lot of mature technology and successful experience in dealing with this problem,which is worthy of our country's earnest study and reference.When dealing with the garbage problem in the process of urbanization,western developed countries basically seek solutions from three aspects: technology,system and human morality(cultivation of public morality).In terms of technology,the landfill technology,incineration technology and composting technology developed by them have reached a relatively high level in realizing the harmless and ecological development of municipal solid waste.In terms of system,it is not only the improvement of macro ecological environmental protection laws and regulations and policies,but also the reduction of micro garbage classification,resource recycling and other aspects of the system and policy design has achieved good results.Especially in the third aspect,residents have a strong sense of environmental protection and a high degree of participation.The garbage classification and environmental protection habits formed consciously are very important to the solution of urban garbage problems.Actually,from the “scientific approach to development” to the “innovation,coordination,green,open,sharing” five development concepts,along with the transformation of China's economic development mode from extensive to intensive,the party and the national government have realized the construction of ecological civilization.The responsibility of the times has also formulated the national target of the “Twelfth Five-Year Plan” and “Thirteen-Five-Year” Waste Incineration Technology.The “Residential Waste Classification Implementation Plan” issued by the National Development and Reform Commission and the Ministry of Housing and Urban-Rural Development will take the lead in implementing waste compulsory classification in 46 cities.The country even banned the import of “foreign garbage” in 2018,and so on,but we must realize that the treatment of urban domestic garbage in China is much behind the developed countries.Whether it is from the formulation and improvement of technology,policies,and regulations,or from the environmental behavior habits and public morals of residents,there is still a big gap.To alleviate the urban garbage problem and achieve the ideal goal of a better life,we must continue to work hard.There is a long way to go.After summarizing the seriousness and harmfulness of urban garbage in China,this paper discusses the reasons why urban domestic garbage is difficult to solve and its ethical dilemma.It recognizes that the urban garbage problem is a universal problem accompanied by modernization and urbanization.At the same time,it analyzes the contradiction between individuality and publicity in the process of garbage generation and treatment,the dilemma of “NIMBY(not in my backyard)” in the centralized treatment of garbage,and the scientific and rationality of garbage disposal technology.How to get out of the predicament,we should start from the promotion of citizens' public morality and sense of responsibility,establish the value concept of harmony between man and nature,build a policy and regulation system for waste classification and treatment based on fairness and justice,and actively participate in and encourage the city.The technological innovation and institutional innovation of garbage disposal is the realistic path to solve the problem of urban garbage in China.