Aspectual System Of Shangrao Dialect

Shangrao dialect belongs to the dragon-and-qu fragment of Wu dialect.This paper takes the aspect system of Shangrao dialect as the research object,and studies it by means of synchronic analysis and diachronic investigation.The article is divided into five parts:The first part is the introduction,which introduces the general situation of Shangrao County,the research situation of Shangrao dialect,the general situation of Chinese aspect research,as well as the research purpose,research significance,research methods and language material of this article.The second part mainly introduces the"aspect"system of Shangrao dialect,including perfective aspect,progressive aspect,durative aspect,experiential aspect,inchoate aspect,antecedent aspect,continuous aspect and already aspect.There are many ways of expressing aspect.For example,the marks of perfective aspect include"lao₁??₁?""be???""qi₁??₁?"and"dao₁??₁?";the mark of progressive aspect is"zai???";the marks of durative aspect are"qi₂??₂?"and"dao₂??₂?";the marks of experiential aspect are"guo₁??₁?"and"za???";the marks of inchoate aspect include"qi₃??₃?"and"qilai????";the mark of antecedent aspect is"qi₄??₄?";the marks of continuous aspect include"jiedao????""xiaqu????";the mark of already aspect is"lao₂??₂?".The article analyses and describes the marks,at the same time,many comparisons are made.Not only the different expressions of the same individual are compared,but also the similarities of the aspect systems are analyzed and compared.In addition,the comparison with Putonghua is emphasized,which shows the characteristics of Shangrao dialect aspect system.The third part describes the"appearance"system of Shangrao dialect,including six kinds of appearance,and the means of expression of appearance include"xia₁??₁?";"xia₂??₂?""xia₂kan??₂??";"zin(?[tsi ³¹])""VlaiVqu?V?V??""yiVyiV??V?V?""VxiaVxia?V?V??""Vlao₁/beyouV?V?₁/??V?";"guo₂??₂?""cou???";"de???".This part is similar to the previous part on the way of thinking.First,it introduces the definition of appearance,then it describes in detail various expressions of appearance,paying attention to comparing and analyzing the internal and external differences between the expressions.The fourth part mainly examines the grammaticalization of the aspect markers"qi""dao"and"guo".Starting from the usage of each marker in shangrao dialect,the synchronic analysis of grammaticalization,the diachronic investigation of grammaticalization and its distribution in other dialects,it reveals the grammaticalization process of the aspect markers"qi""to"and"guo",and then sums up the universal law of their existence in the grammaticalization process,these aspect markers are all evolved step by step from trend verbs,and generally follow the grammaticalization path of"trend verbs>trend complements>aspect markers".The fifth part is the conclusion.This part mainly summarizes and generalizes the content of the whole article,and points out the shortcomings of the article.