The Influence Of Language Input On Word-class And Semantic Identification

In the situation of Chinese spoken communication,how do language learners infer the meaning of different words through language input and situational factors is a very complex and interdisciplinary problem.Based on the human simulation paradigm,the present study uses 2(word types: noun,verb)× 3(language input clues: linguistic + situation,situation,linguistic)experiment within subjects to investigate the influence of different language input clues in the situation of parent-child interaction on word-class and semantic identification of nouns and verbs.The present study was carried out in two steps.First record the experimental materials code them.Five18-24-month-old infants and their mothers were selected to record parent-child interactive videos and transcribe the videos word for word.The frequency of nouns and verbs used in the video was counted and 16 target words(8 nouns and 8 verbs)with high use frequency were screened out.For each target word,6 video clips in different situations were cut as experimental materials.A total of 96 experimental materials and 2 exercise materials were edited.Next the video clip was processed and the target word was replaced by the onomatopoeic word "beep".Then the video clip of each target word was coded,including syntactic information(word length,duration of target words,time interval between the occurrence of targetwords and indicators,position of target word,sentence length)and situational factors(object copresence)etc.Then the formal experiment was carried out.30 college students were selected to participate in the experiment.After each video clip was played,6options were presented for the subjects to choose.Subjects needed to complete 96 selection tasks of target words,which were divided into three blocks(three types of input clues).A block contained two video clips of each target word,a total of 32 video clips(trial).Video clips and input clues were presented to each subject in a random order.The results showed that:(1)For word class decision,the accuracy of verb class was higher than that of noun,and the accuracy of linguistic clue is higher than that of situation clue.(2)The interaction of word types and input clues together affected the accuracy of word class: for nouns,the accuracy of linguistic + situation clues was higher than that of single clues(situation,linguistic).For verbs,the accuracy of linguistic + situation clue and linguistic clue was better than that of situation clue.(3)The semantic accuracy of verbs was higher than that of nouns,and the accuracy of voice clue was higher than that of situation clue.(4)The interaction of word types and input clues affected semantic accuracy:For nouns,the accuracy of linguistic + situation clues was better than that of single cues(situation,linguistic);For verbs,the accuracy of linguistic + situation clues was higher than that of linguistic clues,and the accuracy of linguistic clues was higher than that of situation clues.(5)The analysis of syntactic information and situational factors showed that the syllable,duration of the target words,the position of the target words in the sentence and the object copresence were significantly related to word class and semantic accuracy under the three types of input clues.Conclusion:(1)In the Chinese situation of parent-child interaction,the word class and semantic decision of verbs were better than nouns.(2)The interaction of Chinese input clues and word types affected word class and semantic decision.(3)Nouns needed to combine situation clues with linguistic clues in order to better decide word class and semantics;for the word class and semantic decision of verbs,linguistic clues were more important than situation clues.