The Status Of The Book Of Rites In The System Of Rites And Laws In The Qing Dynasty

Etiquette and law,as the two means of governing the country by the rulers in the feudal society of China,have become a unique system of etiquette and law since the Spring and Autumn Period.Its main aim is to promote on the one hand the "ceremony" advocated by the core values,namely,"respect" and "pro-pro" patriarchal hierarchical system.On the other hand,improve the "law" reward and punishment system to protect the "ceremony.".Therefore,the rulers of the past dynasties gradually into the law,from the law as a note to the etiquette and custom directly into the code.In the Qing Dynasty,especially in the period of the Qianlong Dynasty,the rulers realized that the maintenance of the system of rites and laws was far from sufficient only by the top-down regulation and compulsion of the ceremonies and codes passed down from generation to generation,to a considerable extent aided by the political codes,the standardization of the ritual system in substantiation,procedure and systematization.The emergence of cases is due to different national conditions,different periods of the need to rule,cases and the ceremony,code,code has the same legal effect,the contents of norms include all aspects.Since then,officials have followed the rules of etiquette from the top down.Strengthen the sacrificial ceremony,funeral ceremony and other ceremonies,so that the people will be a ritual law into a belief.In this way,all the subjects can abide by the law and observe the etiquette,and the rulers can naturally realize the thought of "laying equal stress on the etiquette and the law" and "ruling the country with morality as the principal and punishment as the supplementary".Therefore,the ceremony,the law code,the government code and the example a series of coordination,constructs the Qing Dynasty to unify the law system.The legal system of the Qing Dynasty was comparatively complete,and it was also the peak of the development of the etiquette system.The Administrative Regulations of the Ministry of Rites,which represented one of the rules for the incorporation of rites into law in ancient China,was established in the twenty-nine1764 of the reign of Emperor Qianlong,to the Gan Long thirty-five(1770)by royal assent issued,it is also known as the imperial rules and regulations of the Ministry of Rites.Before this,the Ministry of Rites,as the most important part of the six parts,was regulated only by the general rites of the Great Qing Dynasty and the code of the Great Qing Congress,but not by its special rules and regulations.On the one hand,it systematizes and standardizes the ancient etiquette system,on the other hand,it is also the standard of daily administration.As an important political code in the system of etiquette and law in Qing Dynasty,Da Qing Hui Dian was compiled and promulgated by the Court and recorded the rules and regulations of the past dynasties.In the administrative law system of QingDynasty,"Da Qing Hui Dian" is the core,"Da Qing Hui Dian rules" and "Li bu rules" as the auxiliary.Its expression is: 1,Edit Angle is same.All of them are compiled in the order of four divisions,all of which are aimed at giving officials at all levels a model for dealing with daily affairs.2.A change in the rules.The rules and regulations of the Ministry of Rites are recorded according to the four divisions,while the ceremony department of the Ganlong Society is recorded according to the duties and contents of the four divisions,but it is also classified according to the five rites on the basis of the four divisions.3.Ritual additions.The regulations of the Ministry of Rites Lay stress on the procedure and detailed rules of the etiquette system,and regulate the officials at all levels who take part in the ceremony."The ceremony department of the Qianlong Society" focuses on the basic rules of etiquette.On the basis of the programmatic norms of the Qianlong Huidian,the newly-added memorials in each dynasty were recorded according to the time.Da Qing Tong Li,as an important ceremony in the Qing Dynasty,was compiled and promulgated by the Imperial Court,recording the ceremony and various norms.In the etiquette and law system of Qing Dynasty,"Da Qing Tong Li" is the core and "Li Bu Zeli" is the auxiliary.The compiling style of the book is different from that of da Qing Tong Li,which is composed of auspicious ceremony,Jia Li,military ceremony,protocol and inauspicious ceremony.The book of Rules and Regulations of the Ministry of Rites is compiled on the basis of the four divisions.The rules and regulations of the Ministry of Rites inherited most of the rules and regulations of the Great Qing Dynasty,and the contents of the rules and regulations of the Ministry of rites roughly correspond to each other.On this basis,the content of "rules and regulations of the Ministry of Rites" has increased,increased the norms of many ceremonies,but also more detailed.Great Qing Legal Code,as the code of law and etiquette in Qing Dynasty,was compiled and promulgated by the court.Great Qing Legal Code became an important guarantee for the smooth advancement of the etiquette and law system in the Qing Dynasty.Therefore,in the Qing Code of Criminal Law system,the "Great Qing Legal Code" as the core,the "code of rites" as a supplementary.It includes two aspects: one is the supplement of adjustment function,the other is the supplement of legal provision.The rules of the Ministry of Rites,as the administrative regulation of the rules of rites,is the supplement of the Great Qing Legal Code,and the Great Qing Legal Code is the guarantee of the reward and punishment system of the rules of the Ministry of Rites.In the Qing Dynasty,there were many single-line Rites and regulations in the ceremony and law system besides the "Da Qing Tong Li".The contents and application of the "imperial ritual apparatus diagram" and the "imperial imperial imperial court rules" were compared with the "rules of the ritual department".It can be concluded that,in terms of content,the rules and regulations of the Ministry ofRites and other separate etiquette and regulations of the Qing Dynasty complement each other and complement each other.In practical application,the official of the Ministry of Rites Consults according to the actual affairs.The rules of the Ministry of Rites have the same legal effect as other single-line Rites and regulations.Finally,the author concludes that the rules and regulations of the Ministry of Rites occupied an important legal position in the system of rites and laws of the Qing Dynasty,and were the important auxiliary norms of the three major codes recognized by the academic circles,and the Qing Dynasty ritual law system in other regulations and examples complement each other and cooperate with each other.In the system of etiquette and law in the Qing Dynasty,the political code "Da Qing Hui Dian" comprehensively standardized the fundamental systems in all aspects,and the main norms of the ceremony "da Qing Tong Li" concerned the basic systems of the ceremonial systems such as the "wedding and funeral rites",the code,the code of Great Qing Legal Code and the code of crimes,set forth the "penal code" and the "system of crimes" in Criminal Matters,the detailed rules governing the conduct of affairs by the ministries,and the more detailed rules governing the conduct of affairs by the ministries,and the more detailed rules governing the following aspects by the ministries.The cooperation of the Qing Dynasty not only made the feudal rulers better manage the country and consolidate the imperial power,but also made the people’s life more standard and the society more harmonious.The unique system of etiquette and law of Qing Dynasty was constructed together.