Research On Shanghai Rice Grain Market During The Republic Of China (1927-1937)

Since the Yuan Dynasty,Shanghai has been the backbone of the dynasty's official grain transportation.During the blooming period of the economic development of the Republic of China,Shanghai was the largest gateway to China's opening up at that time,and its rice market developed at the top level in the country.Shanghai's huge food gap and its special geographical location have made it a national food demand and transportation center.Shanghai not only absorbed the food supply in the middle and lower reaches of the rice producing areas connected by the Yangtze River,but also played a key role in the food re-exports of the whole country and the world,which contributed to the rapid development of the Shanghai rice market.This paper uses the combination of international trade and regional economics to analyze the face of the Shanghai rice grain market from 1927 to 1937.The main content consists of four large blocks.The first part analyzes the huge demand gap of Shanghai rice grains and the replenishment of rice grains at home and abroad.In addition,the trade competitiveness index of Shanghai local rice in import and export trade was calculated.The second part mainly uses the rice price data,to describe the social factors.Using the monthly rice price data,the rice market integration in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is estimated.In the third part,using the data visualization method commonly used in regional economics,GIS software is used to visualize the historical data of Shanghai rice grain transportation and use to describe the geographical location of Shanghai Re-export trade.In addition,it deconstructs the composition of heavy nonproductive costs,its adverse effects on transportation activities.Finally,it discusses the optimization of the above hazards by the policy of reforming the system.The fourth part,through the study of the two rice supply crisis during the period of 1927-1937,reflects the shortcomings of the rice market.In general,between 1927 and 1937,Shanghai had a huge food gap,and its food needs were supplemented by domestic and foreign food.In the domestic rice supply,the rice production in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is the main source of Shanghai rice input,and the rice market formed by Shanghai and the major rice producing areas has a high degree of integration.In the international rice supply,Shanghai mainly receives rice from Southeast Asia's rice-producing areas,and also re-exports a small portion of rice to developed countries in Europe and America.Although the development level of the rice grain market in Shanghai was ahead of the country,there were still many shortcomings,such as excessive concentration of rice sources,backward storage equipment,single mode of transportation,and manipulation by middlemen.These unreasonable problems have led to the modern storm.