On The Conception Of Fear And The Establishing Of Leviathan

Hobbes is not only a great political philosopher,but also a fighter who strongly advocates the supremacy of sovereignty.By focusing on humanity in the natural state,Hobbes argues that the state of nature is a state of war.To avoid violent death,people choose to give up powers and pass them to sovereigns.This is the basis of Hobbes' logical argument,that is,self-preservation rationality.The rationality of self-preservation stems from the fear of violent death.In addition,the church declares that the belief of the church's mission is to believe in the Word of God.People believe in God to get the punishment of the original sin eliminated and enter the Kingdome of Glory.Can faith in God or church really eliminate fear? In fact,people will get the elimination of fear from the original sin by believing in God.But this fear is magnified by the hypocrisy church by alleging that the unbelievers will put into purgatory without the pardon of God.Actually,it is a special way for priest to make their personal gain.In addition,people have to face the fear of power from others in real life.The war arising from the struggling of others power in real life make greater injury and even death.And the fear of death from power struggling is more specific and intense than the fear of original sin.People believe in God devoutly due to his omnipotent and supreme ability.Why people in Leviathan tend to submit to the sovereign power not church? On the one hand,it is reason for people to give power to sovereigns to avoid the violent death.Then sovereigns have absolute power of punishment,so people fear the punishment behind the sovereign power.On the other hand,the sovereign can be regard as the living God.Hence,the fear of the original sin is invisibly transformed into the fear of the sovereign power.Fear is not only the basis of Hobbes' political philosophy but also the link that runs through Hobbes' political science.Therefore,it is the fear of violent death that Hobbes broke through the shackles of faith and constructed Leviathan.This research is divided into four parts.The first chapter focuses on Hobbes' s view of fear.The next chapter makes attempt to illuminate the fear of death clearly and intuitively in the consideration of the background of Hobbes era.And try to argue that the State of Nature is a State of War.The second chapter mainly discusses the necessary requirement for salvation and salvation.To begin with,analyze the Word of God in the Bible.Generally speaking,the Word of God means words of God and it can also express the effect of God.It is impossible for human beings to fully understand the Word of God with limited reason.Secondly,this part will argue that the Kingdom of God is the Civil Kingdom.Lastly,it is argued that the belief on Jesus is Christ is the only requirement for entering the Kingdom of Glory.The third chapter focuses on the issues of faith and fear.There are four factors to the shackles of faith or belief: Fear of invisible power,that is,religious fear;Fear of God's power;Fear of original sin and eternal death;Governance by the dark kingdom.Then I will discuss the type of the power from the fear of death.Lastly,I will argue that the fear of death breaks through the shackles of religious faith for the following statements.First,the fear of death breaks through the fear of ignorance of natural causes.Second,the fear of death challenges the power of God.Third,the fear of death rebel the governance of the dark kingdom especially on spirit.Therefore,the more specific and sensible fear of death breaks through the shackles of religion and church belief.In the fifth chapter,I will make analysis of the construction of Leviathan of Hobbes.In last chapter,it has demonstrated that the fear of violent death firmly break through the shackles of the church's faith.So there is not too much worried to give up the faith to the Catholic Church.Hence,it is rational for people to send their power to the sovereigns and establish states to protect their life.And that reason conduct provides considerable legality for Leviathan.On the one hand,it should be pointed out prudently that the emergence of Leviathan did not really eliminate fear.In fact,state transforms the fear of human power and the fear of original sin to a new fear of power for sovereigns.On the other hand,the fear death does not eliminate faith after breaking through it.In the theory of Hobbes,his religious criticism is service for politics.Thus the belief in religion was converted to the belief of the sovereign to some extent.At this time,people who have faith in sovereignty for its guaranteeing of the safety of life still can believe in God for redemption.Finally,it is natural to see people live in a peaceful and hopeful country and looking forward to the coming of the World of Jesus' Glory.