The Review Of The Jilin Province Mongolian Affairs Bureau Under The Vision Of The New Policies In The Late Qing Dynasty(1908-1911)

The Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau was a ministry of Mongolian affairs established by Jilin province in order to face the crisis of the Mongolian Banner after The Russo-japanese war Under the background of the New Policies in the Late Qing Dynasty.In the early Qing dynasty,the Front Gollroth Mongolian Banner was ruled by the Qing government in many ways.The Qing government always adhered to The Agricultural and Commercial Economic Policies and insisted on the orderly development and standardized operation of Mongolia.In view of the different situations in which people entered Mongolia,the Qing government adjusted its policy in time by setting up a civil administration institution in the Front Gollroth Mongolian Banner.The general of Jilin intervened in the rule of the Front Gollroth Mongolian Banner through official establishment and judicial channels,and the two gradually merged.After the Russo-japanese war,the Mongolian Banner of the Three Northeastern Provinces have external concerns,where the court and the opposition attention to,the proposal of Mongolia arrangement has appeared.Subsequently,Xu Shichang took office as governor of the Three Northeastern Provinces,which marked that the three northeastern provinces and their Mongolian Banner entered the New Policies stage.Jilin province set up the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau,in an attempt to integrate the Front Gollroth Mongolian Banner into the provincial system to solve the crisis of the Mongolian Banner.Due to financial constraints,the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau was attached to the Jilin Provincial Manchu Banner Affairs Bureau.the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau,born in a time of crisis,wanted to try to "make the right by special responsibility",but this is inconsistent with the New Policies principle of checks and balances.Therefore,the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau has been playing the role of communication,transmission,negotiation and mediation between the Council for Tribal Affairs,the Governor of Northeast Three Provinces and the Governor of Jilin Province,the Zhasake of the Front Gollroth Mongolian Banner and the relevant functional departments.With the development of the new policy,the functions and powers of each functional department are gradually clear and the structure is gradually reasonable.Therefore,the Mongolian affairs are transferred,and the jurisdiction of the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau is deprived,and it finally becomes the bureau of low and easy affairs.In addition,Jilin Province held the new policy,funding shortage intensified.Thanks to the combination of these factors,the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau was finally merged.Under the background of the New Policies in the late Qing Dynasty,the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau played a positive role in the integration of the Front Gollroth Mongolian Banner and Jilin Province.In a word,both the establishment and the merging of the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau are the result of the integration of the Front Gollroth Mongolian Banner and Jilin Province.As the first Mongolian service institution in Jilin province,the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau is the product of a special historical stage.The merger of the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureau did not represent the disappearance of its functions.In the early years of the republic of China,the Jilin Provincial Mongolian Affairs Bureauwas reestablished because of the border crisis,which in fact showed the fundamental nature of its functions.