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Research On Marx's View Of Time

Posted on:2021-02-18Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:L LiFull Text:PDF
GTID:2415330623981847Subject:Marxist philosophy
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"Time" is an eternal topic in the study of philosophy.When it comes to time,we can't help thinking of what Augustine once said-what exactly is time? When no one asked me,I knew exactly what time was,and once someone asked me what time was,I was at a loss.Augustine believes that time is related to our perceptual perception,and that the so-called past,present,and future time are actually the memories,feelings,and expectations of people now.The earliest discussion on time can be traced back to Aristotle.He believes that time is divided into static time and dynamic time.Static time is a measure of the movement of things,and dynamic time represents the transition of things from one state to another A state.Kant believes that time is an innate intuitive form,and people can only perceive things in time.Both time and space are purely intuitive forms of a priori.Hegel put forward a dialectical view of time.He believes that time is the kind of existence that does not exist when it exists,and the existence that exists when it does not exist is intuitively changed.Time is actually a negation of existence itself.Marx borrowed from the philosopher's exposition of time and proposed his understanding of time.In Doctoral Dissertation,Marx combined time with human sensibility,and regarded human sensibility as physical time.In the "Manuscript of Economics and Philosophy in1844",Marx expounded the essence of the life lost by workers in alienated labor through the discussion of alienated labor.Time,the essential form of human life is time.The essential form is deprived of alienated labor,and human time is divided.In "Capital",through analysis of commodities,Marx concluded that the decisive factor for measuring the value of commodities is socially necessary labor time.Under the commodity is human labor,and the capitalist discovered that the special commodity of labor can create a steady stream of value.So the capitalists bought the labor force of the workers,and at the same time they obtained the labor time of the workers.The labor time of the worker during production is divided into necessary labor time and surplus labor time.The value created by the worker during the necessary labor time forms the wage compensation of the worker,and the surplus labor time is freely occupied by the capitalist and forms surplus value.From another perspective,the entire life form of the worker is divided into working time and free time,but in the true sense,the human lifeform is indivisible.Only in a communist society and the eradication of private ownership can the essential form of worker's life be restored,that is,the time is returned to the human subject.What Marx wants to achieve is to keep people away from alienated labor and move towards free labor,so that people's divided labor time and free time can be combined into one.In a communist society,time has once again become the nature of human beings.At this time,time has completely become free time,and people can freely control it.Marx's research on time is mainly based on the transformation from "physical nature" to "human nature".Marx's understanding of time is this: time is the existence and freedom of man,and in the final analysis the liberation of man is the liberation of man's time.
Keywords/Search Tags:Time concept, Labor time, Free time, All-round human development
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