An Experimental Research On The Acquisition Of The Bi-Syllable Tone Patterns By Chinese Learners From Bali,Indonesia

Chinese is one of the tone languages,so tone is an essential feature of the Chinese pronunciation,which distinguishes the meanings of Chinese.However,this causes some difficulties in teaching Chinese as a foreign language.Especially for the learners whose mother languages are non-tone languages,tones of the Chinese are difficult to master.Using the Chinese Version of Experimental Speech app,praat,the writer did phonetic analysis on 9 ethnic Chinese learners and 9 non-ethnic Chinese learners about the acquisition of the bi-syllable tone patterns.Two groups of experimental targets were divided into primary,junior,senior,three levels according to their Chinese abilities.Basing on the results and the theories,the article figures out the source of the errors and came up with the specific teaching strategy.Looking forward to have a realistic instruction meaning to the tonal teaching on the Chinese learners in Indonesia.This article finds that the learners' errors of J.B School mainly lie in the second tone and the third tone,and the first tone has a good grasp,and the fouth tone is the best;the reasons for student'errors are mainly due to the negative transfer of mother tongue knowledge and the characteristics of Chinese itself.Address,teacher explanations or improper teaching methods,and put forward targeted teaching strategies,such as changing the order of traditional tone teaching,targeted teaching of different tones,etc.And this paper is divided into six chapters.The instruction includes the relevant scientific background,why and how we did the research and we briefly introduces the content,the experimental application,and our 18 participants.In addition,we discuss the status of academic studies on this area nowadays.The second chapter firstly introduces the tone system in Chinese and the feature of the Chinese tones.After that,we compare Chinese with Indonesia,which is a non-tone language.Hence we illustrated the difficulties that the learners whose first language is non-tonal language may meet during studying Chinese,and predicted the errors that the learners in Bali island could made based on the analysis theory and the previous research.The third chapter is the main part of the experiment.The participants were divided into senior,junior,and primary 3 groups by their Chinese study level.In each group,we discussed them separately according to whether they were ethnic Chinese or not.After analyzing the audio materials collected from 18 participants,drew out the Tone pattern and T-value data sheet of each participant.The experiment result indicates the following conclusions:(1)ethnic Chinese learners are more prone to make tyrannical errors,which is more severe tones;(2)The level of learner mastering double-character tone in Mandarin from high to low is : the fourth tone>the first tone>the third tone>the second tone(3)Whether it is ethnic Chinese or not will affect the learner's tone acquisition,but it is not a determining factor.In the beginning of Chapter 4,the theory of error analysis is introduced in detail,and then the causes of tone errors of Chinese learners in Bali are analyzed on the basis of the theory and experimental data.In chapter 5,combined with the previous research and the personal experience,some suggestions are given on how learners,teachers and schools can improve the pronunciation accuracy of learners' mandarin tones.The last chapter expounds some shortfall of this paper and gives some suggestions and expectations to the future Chinese tone teaching in Bali,Indonesia.