Research On Anhui Water Police System In The Period Of The Republic Of China

The police system originated in Europe.It was introduced to China in the late Qing Dynasty,and many police types were born according to specific public security needs.Anhui's waters are vast and shipping trade is booming.However,there are many bandits on the water,looting ships,killing people and overtaking goods,which has seriously affected the development of water law and order and the shipping industry.In 1913,the "Yangtze River and other marine division reorganization orders" were promulgated,and the marine division was changed to a marine police officer.Changhuai,Chaohu,and Yangtze River police agencies came into being.In terms of the organization of the marine police,its internal responsibilities are clear,its division of labor is meticulous,and its management is scientific.In terms of the marine police education system,the education of Anhui marine police is divided into primary education,higher education,and special education.In addition to school education,the Anhui Marine Police also conducts various skills training through rewards,punishments and competitions.With regard to the personnel management system,the Anhui Marine Police combined the recruitment of police officers with educational examinations to improve the quality of police officers.The clear rewards and punishments,as well as the rewards and punishments,have increased the enthusiasm of the marine police.In addition,a pension system has been formulated to protect the rights and interests of police officers who have been injured,disabled or killed due to work,reflecting the humane side.In terms of marine police funds,salaries,clothing,equipment and other systems,most of Anhui marine police funds are government grants and taxes,of which transit ship donations are the main part.Police funds are mainly used for salary distribution and education expenses.The salary distribution system is strict,and it is gradually reduced.Due to insufficientfunds and some police officers being full of personal baggage,incidents of salary arrears and police officers asking for mutiny occurred from time to time.Police clothing has strict grades and strict regulations,but most police officers do not wear them as required.From the end of the Qing Dynasty to the beginning of the Republic of China,the marine police equipment had undergone major changes,which was more sufficient than the land police.There are also strict regulations on the use of police equipment such as knives and guns.The main function of the marine police is to maintain the order and public order of water transportation.In terms of wanted fugitive rebels and arrest of bandits,the marine police through the card inspection,wanted army fugitives in transit and insurgents within the marine police agencies to combat the robbers who stopped the robbery on the water by inspecting the water surface and leading the team.With regard to the management of ships and maritime Floating account through the implementation of specific ship inspection and registration methods,the firefighting facilities,sanitary facilities and safety facilities of transit ships were effectively inspected,and martial arts accounts were strictly managed.In the area of illegal smoking gambling and crackdowns on water smuggling,the marine police spared no effort to conduct bans and strictly crack down on water smuggling.In terms of water rescue and protection of business travel,rescue the wrecked vessels in the country,repair the dam to prevent problems before they occur,protect the past business travel,and for important cargo,the marine police is also responsible for escorting the ship.The evaluation of the Anhui water police system is divided into two aspects.On the one hand,the Anhui water police system has promoted the modernization of the police system,the modernization of water security management,and the development of the shipping industry and industry and commerce.On the other hand,there are many deficiencies in the Anhui water police system.In the process of specific law enforcement,there is a phenomenon of non-compliance,insufficient funds and corruption,and the quality and equipment of police officers have only been improved.