The Influence Of Physical Manipulation And Imagined Manipulation On Knowledge Integration In Early School Children

Knowledge integration refers to the process of generating new knowledge by integrating relevant knowledge in independent learning situations.It is worth noticing that the requirement of knowledge integration is gradually improved in the early school age children,but there are few previous studies on knowledge integration in early school age children.The current research continues to explore the knowledge integration of early school age children on the basis of previous studies,and the further explores the effects of physical manipulation and imagined manipulation on children's knowledge integration.In study one,we take the first and second grade children as the research object,adopt the story text paradigm,discuss the concrete manifestation of the children's knowledge integration.The results show that there are differences in the performance of knowledge integration among children in different grades.The correct rate of the stem facts and the integrated facts of the second grade children was significantly higher than that of the first grade children,and the first grade children showed lower memory of the stem facts and the integration facts under the recall test and the recognition test;The second grade children mainly produced the stem facts and the integration facts under the recall test.The study also found that the correct rate of children's stem facts is positively correlated with the correct rate of integrating facts.In study two,we use the story text paradigm to explore the influence of physical manipulation on children's knowledge integration.The results show that there are differences in the influence of physical manipulation on the knowledge integration of children in different grades on the basis of having the ability of knowledge integration.In the first grade children,compared with the control group,the correct rate of stem facts and integrated facts in the experimental group was significantly improved,specifically the correct rate of stem facts recognition and recognition was significantly improved,and the correct rate of integrated facts recall and recognition was significantly improved.In the second grade children,compared with the control group,the correct rate of stem facts and integrated facts in the experimental group was not significantly improved.In study three,we use the story text paradigm to explore the influence of imagined manipulation on children'sknowledge integration.The results show that on the basis of having the ability of knowledge integration,the influence of imagined manipulation on the knowledge integration of children in different grades is different.In the first grade children,compared with the control group,the correct rate of the stem facts and the integrated facts in the experimental group was significantly improved,specifically,the correct rate of the stem facts recall and recognition was significantly improved,and the correct rate of the integrated facts recall and recognition was significantly improved.In the second grade children,compared with the control group,the correct rate of stem facts and integrated facts in the experimental group was not significantly improved.The main findings of the current study are:(1)Children of early school age showed a certain ability of knowledge integration,and with the increase of age,the ability of stem fact memory and integration fact generation was more obvious.In addition,the generation level of children's integration facts gradually increases with the improvement of the stem facts memory level.(2)In the knowledge integration performance of children whose cognitive development level is still in the pre-operational period at the early school age,physical manipulation can significantly improve the memory of their stem facts and the generation of integrated facts.(3)In the knowledge integration performance of children whose cognitive development level is still in the pre-operational period at the early school age,imagined manipulation can significantly improve the memory of their stem facts and the generation of integrated facts.