Study On Hypothetical Conditionals Of Dunhuang Bianwen

Hypothetical conditionals research is an important issue in Chinese grammar research,and Dunhuang Bianwen grammar research occupies an important position in Chinese grammar history research.This paper takes the marked hypothetical conditional sentence in Dunhuang Bianwen as the research object,and launches from three angles of syntactic features,semantic levels,marked semantic sources and cross-dialect(language)comparison,in order to comprehensively present the basic features and characteristics of the marked hypothetical conditional sentence in Dunhuang Bianwen.The full text consists of six chapters,about 120,000 words.The first chapter is introduction.This chapter introduces the research object,research significance,current research situation,and the research plan for the current research deficiencies.Finally,it explains the version basis of corpus selection and the problems that need attention.In the second chapter,referring to the syntactic features of adverbial clauses in language typology,this chapter determines the five major parameters for investigating the syntactic features of hypothetical conditional sentences in Dunhuang Bianwen: tense,modality,sentence type,argument encoding and negation.Starting from these syntactic features,this chapter exhaustively describes 33 kinds of marked hypothetical conditional sentences in Dunhuang Bianwen and makes detailed statistics.On the basis of statistics,the syntactic differences of various hypothetical conditional sentences are analyzed and summarized.In the third chapter,this chapter introduces an international analysis method specially used for analyzing the semantics of adverbial clauses-” five levels of clause linkage",which is adjusted and named according to the actual situation of Chinese,thus increasing the classification of subjectivity and objectivity.Using this set of analytical methods,this chapter exhaustively describes the semantic levels of various marked hypothetical conditional sentences in Dunhuang Bianwen.Starting from five levels,we can distinguish hypothetical conditional sentences guided by variousmarks in Dunhuang Bianwen.The increase or decrease of marked syllables and the combination of different semantic markers are not optional factors,which will affect the distribution of semantic levels and the degree of subjectivity.The fourth chapter,according to the position of the hypothetical conditional marker in the sentence,can be divided into two types: front and rear.This chapter examines the origin of prepositional hypothesis markers in Dunhuang Bianwen,which can be divided into five categories: analogy,short-term,modality,causative and probable.Referring to the academic achievements,it briefly describes the evolution process.Then it is compared with the situation in modern Chinese dialects and ethnic languages in China,with similarities and differences.In the fifth chapter,this chapter explores the origin of "zhe"(者)and "shi"(者)in the post-hypothesis of Dunhuang Bianwen.It holds that "zhe"(者)originates from the nominalization mark of "zhe"(者),which refers to the close connection between a sentence and a conditional sentence."Shi"(时)comes from time.Then compared with the situation in modern Chinese dialects and ethnic languages in China,Dunhuang Bianwen inherited from modern Chinese dialects.It is also found that the pre-tag and the post-tag have parallel evolution under the similar semantic category.Semantic similarity is the basis of evolution,but syntactic position will affect its syntactic performance.Before and after the verb,it evolved into a prepositional conjunction and a postposition auxiliary word respectively.Chapter 6,conclusion.Summarize the basic conclusions of this study and point out the problems existing in the study.