The Study Of Marx's Early Theory On State From A Historical Perspective

Young Marx got into the discussion of state and society through Hegel.That is why he regarded the state as the embodiment of rationality.And thus he used human's liberty and rationality as weapon to rebel against the political and religious bondage.However,the problem of material interests prompted Marx to move from purely political issues to economic relations.By criticizing the mysticism of Hegel's philosophy,Marx fond the up-side-down of society and state in Hegel and further on,he revealed the idealist essence of Hegel's philosophy.Between the separation of society and state,it is the separation of one's personal and social being that leaves the state a vassal of private interests.Although Feuerbach's materialism located in humanism finally,it still provided a completely new perspective for Marx.Research in the field of political economy has pushed Marx to take a decisive step towards historical materialism.In German Ideology,Marx systematically summarized the basic points of historical materialism and indicated the view of the state as a political form of class rule for the first time.In the vision of historical materialism,state is seen as the superstructure on contrary to economic basis.The bourgeois state is a instrument for class domination and exploitation.Therefore,Marx moved towards Proletarian revolution.Around 1848,Marx no longer discussed the issue of the state directly.He discussed the state incidentally with the subject of the Proletarian revolution.In The Communist Manifesto,Marx first introduced the historical view of class struggle.Second,Marx discussed the issue of the Communist Party's organization and strategy.In the ideology field,Marx summed up the claims of different socialism genres and analyzed their fundamental interests and class attributes.He set the goal of eliminating private ownership for Proletarian revolution.On the site of strategy,Marx requested the internationalist position on the one hand,and on the other hand encouraged the workers'movements in various national states.He also devoted into the research and guidance of France,German and Poland revolution.The Communist Manifesto has already contained the basic connotation of the dictatorship of the proletariat.That is,the proletariat must overthrow the rule of bourgeois and seize the state power.The later reality of the revolution asked further for the theory of the dictatorship of the proletariat.So Marx has given more theoretical attention to this subject in the process of rethinking and summarizing.The proletarian dictatorship state as a transition will also be the highest regime form of a state during the "prehistory of mankind".Its historic task is to consolidate the rule of the proletariat and comprehensively transform the entire society in accordance with the requirements of the communist society.And finally it will completely eliminate the class opposition,thus eliminate the state as a tool of class rule.