A Research On The Fenian Brotherhood Invasion Of Canada,1866

The Fenian Brotherhood was an organization established in 1858 by Irish-Americans.It aims to raise funds,supply equipment and provide combat capabilities to support the Irish Republican Brotherhood of anti-British uprisings.However,due to the suppression of the Irish Republican Brotherhood by the traditional British policing forces,the Fenian movement almost disappeared in Ireland.Stephens lost the core leadership of the Fenian organization,and the Fenians of the United States began to oppose O'Mahony's delayed strategy.The Fenian Brotherhood split into two factions,which has led the U.S.Fenian Brotherhood out of the status quo for the Irish Revolutionary Brotherhood.The activists began to formulate anti-British uprising plans.Since it was difficult to hold a violent revolution in the British mainland,they transferred the attack to Canada.The 1866 Fenian Brotherhood attack on Canada was an important part of the Fenian movement.This article takes the development of the Fenian Brotherhood as the main line and aims to analyze the various reactions and countermeasures of the various attacks on the attacks by discussing the background and process of the 1866 Fenian Brotherhood attacks,and then to explore the failure of the attacks in 1866.It is hoped that through the efforts of this study,we can have a more profound and comprehensive understanding of the 1866 attack and further promote the domestic research on the Finian Brotherhood.This article consists of five parts,a total of four chapters.The introductory part mainly expounds the reason and significance of choosing to study the attacks of the Fenian Brotherhood in Canada in 1866.It also summarizes the research status of the Fenian Brotherhood by domestic and foreign scholars,and finally introduces the main contents of the study and the difficulties to overcome.The first chapter first introduced the historical background of the attack on Canada by the Fenian Brotherhood.On the one hand by tracing back the early Irish nationalist movement,analysis of historical factors in 1866 Fenian attacked behind.On the other hand,through the discussion of the development of the Irish Republican Brotherhood and the Fenian Brotherhood and the pre-attack situation in Canada,we explored the practical reasons for the 1866 Fenian Brotherhood's attack on Canada.The second chapter discusses in detail the specific process of the Fenian attacks on Canada in 1866.It includes O'Mahony's delay strategy and the proposed Sweeney attack plan,O'Mahony's attitude change and the failure of the Killian's attack plan,and the implementation of Sweeney's attack plan.The third chapter mainly analyzes the response and countermeasures of all parties to the Fenian Brotherhood's attack on Canada.It is as part of the Irish nationalist movements,parties are not the same for the Fenian raid attitude.Among them,the attitude of the United States is generally ignored in good faith.The attitude of the United Kingdom and Canada is negative.They regard the Fenian Brotherhood as a threat.In addition,due to Irish immigration everywhere,different environments determine the attitude of the Irish is complex.The fourth chapter mainly evaluates the attack of the 1866 Fenian Brotherhood.The first is to analyze the reasons for the failure of the attack and to analyze the reasons for the failure of the Fenian Brotherhood attack from two aspects.Secondly,the impact of the 1866 attacks was analyzed from the impact of the British,Canadian,and the 1870 attacks.Among them,the establishment of the Canadian Dominions was the most important impact of the 1866 attacks.