Research On The Administrative And Judicial Activities Of Yi Tusi In Liangshan

The Tusi system is the ruling system designed by the central government for the special circumstances of the minority areas.It started in the Yuan Dynasty,and completed in the Ming Dynasty,then began to decline in the Qing Dynasty,and the large-scale reform of the Tusi system is a sign to its decline.The establishment of the Tusi system enabled the central dynasty to achieve its formal unity,and also has played a driving force in the development of politics,economy,culture and other aspects of the minority areas in China.It had regulated the pattern for the Han to get along with the minorities,but also speeds up the process of the management by central government established in Liangshan,which make the large-scaled implementation of the reform possible.However,because of its closed geographical location,Liangshan has developed slowly in comparison with the area of Yun Gui Tusi area.Its strong local imprint makes the Qing Dynasty's reforms in this area go back and forth again and again,and it is difficult to completely establish the county government.The backward productivity and unique ethnic culture in the Liangshan region determined that it is difficult for the central government to establish its government in Liangshan society.Even if the county government is established,local officials still need to rely on the strength of the Tusi to achieve local management activities.Tusi's activities involved assisting local officials in catching fugitives,conducting reconnaissance activities in their jurisdictions,mastering movements of prisoners,assuming responsibility for protecting roads in their jurisdictions,ensuring the safety of travelers visiting Yi District,conducting inventory checks,collecting taxes,and acting as agents.Examples include the adjustment of disputes between the barbarians,the protection of the citizens involved,and the participation of barbarians in trials.From these assisting roles,it can be seen that there is mutual cooperation between the officials and the civil servants,and the maintenance of local public security and judicial order.The toast is not only passively cooperating with the daily administration of the country government,but also according to their jurisdiction.The social experience in the field put forward constructive suggestions to inform the formation of the rules and regulations of the stream government,and to promote the transformation of the logic of practice into official governance,so as to keep the local order in order.From the practice of these Tusi's participating in management,we can see that the state power wants to infiltrate into the Yi society,and it uses the traditional authority of the Tusi as a management authority.However,the country government officials in the coordination with the Tusi also has its limitations,specifically in the establishment of various rules and regulations to regulate the administrative and judicial activities of the Tusi,so that it also has restrictions on the exercise of its authority,if it violates there are corresponding punitive measures.All this fully shows that,after the reform,although the Tusi of the Liangshan Yi minority have been weakened to a certain extent,they still participate in the local management,working under the approval of the central government,making the Liangshan area shows two government strength in local management.