A Study On The System Of Petty Officials At The Grass-roots Level In The Early Qing Dynasty

The official person refers to the specific staff of the traditional Chinese bureaucracy.All policies must be carried out by the hands of the officials.As a result,the rules and regulations of the system directly affect the operation of the traditional political system.The development of this system to the early Qing Dynasty,its advantages and disadvantages have been fully demonstrated.It is convenient for us to understand the petty officials more objectively and rationally.This paper is mainly through textual research and historical research.This paper discusses the history of the system,the examination of the appointment of the officials in the early Qing Dynasty,the source of power,the pros and cons and so on.The thesis consists of four parts.The first part explains the purpose,significance and research methods of the topic,and analyzes the main research situation at home and abroad.On the whole,the domestic scholars mainly expatiate on the system structure and the harm of the petty officials.The study of the system of the officials in foreign countries was relatively early,and almost of the time was locked in the Tang Dynasty,and the problems of the officials were analyzed mainly from the economic aspects.The significance of the topic is to make a detailed exploration of the petty officials,and to get a better understanding of China's bureaucratic structure,operational mechanism and administrative efficiency.In the second part.The connotation of the officials was defined,and the history of the development of the system was sorted out.First of all,it defines the categories of the officials,and then introduces the classification of the groups of the officials,which can be divided into the officers and the clerks.The third part expounds the employment and appraisal system of the early Qing Dynasty.Among them,the employment procedures include the guarantee,affinity and seal,to ensure that the employees of the officials are innocent.In order to prevent the long tenure of the petty officials from becoming a slippery official,in addition to the entry level in the recruitment process,the term of the term is strictly enforced.The fourth part introduces the power and duties of the officials.The power of the officials was mainly conferred by the governors.Officials can be divided into the officers and clerks.The officers in charge of the legwork of country government,the three chief is a part of the officers.Clerks' job can be classified as the officers according to concrete function,divided into regular report drafting and interminable,drawn up six classes,also can be classified according to the room,generally set up six rooms,each room set up two clerks.The fifth part makes an objective evaluation of the advantages and disadvantages of the petty officials system.Officials were good assistant to the county magistrate,and an important means of livelihood for system and the lack of supervision result in the abuse of the people by the officials,which disrupted the social order and affected the integrity of the officials.