Research And Reference On Russia's Rural Land Transfer System During The Transformation Period

The transformation of Russia's rural land system has much consistency in social transformation.The establishment of mixed ownership and the promotion of land transfer are the two important nodes of Russia's rural land system and the right reflected on the law become practical with the deepening of the reform.The Russia's land ownership structure directly affects the good operation of land market so it is necessary to start from the Russia's land ownership structure to study the Russia's land transfer system at the transformation period.However,no matter how the Russia's land ownership transfers,the special mark belonging to Slavdom since ancient Russia behind it can be traced.The factors such as the Roman law,the Orthodox Church and village community tradition have an imperceptible impact on the value orientation to rural land from the later Russia and control the reform progress of Russia's rural land system.From the feudal land ownership in the Czar period to the recognition of individual privatization of land which then had been transformed into the sacred and inviolable property of the socialist countries in the Soviet era and finally had been reshaped as the agricultural land right system with transfer as the core under the guidance of the concept of private right,the ideology and culture context of Slavdom contained by the long land history is the the unoverlooked existence and the unique cultural value is included,which is clear of all time.Russia's rural land system has gone through the Mikhail Gorbachev's reforms of beginning without finishing and radical “shock therapy” of Boris Yeltsin at the transformation period and the establishment of the mixed ownership blundered and went through ups and downs.Later,the contemporary Russia's agricultural land transfer become an important part of transformation of Russia's rural land system.Agricultural land transfer law specifies the transfer method of agricultural land and public land share in details and "debt-limited right of things" dual land usage right allows the land value to be reactivated.At the same time,Russia put the agricultural land transfer under restricted land market and principle of protecting social interest and organically linked state regulation with rural and agricultural market reforms,achieving relatively ideal social effects.Agricultural land transfer is an important factor affecting the agricultural development transformation of a country and with the constant activation of production factors,rural contracted land transfer and usage under our dual land ownership system shows the new trend."Three-right separation" theory of rural land contract management right have achieved preliminary results in academic research,policy legislation and practical effects but there are also some problems.China and Russia have many intersections in terms of natural conditions and social history and especially,face the common necessary adjustment of the use of the wisdom of law to stimulate the efficiency of agricultural land.It is beneficial to grasp the internal trace of transformation of Russia's rural land transfer system during the transformation period to construct the new framework for contracted land transfer under the current"three-right separation” in China.The principles of Russia such as " protect before using" of the land resources are referenced.We shall focus on land differences,adhere to land security,promote the capitalization of contracted land transfer,protect the interests of farmers,and actively promote the realization of the rural rejuvenation blueprint.