A Study On The System Of Muslim Rural Treaty In Hehuang Area Of Qing Dynasty

The system of rural covenant is an autonomous organization system initiated and established by gentry on the basis of certain blood and geography in order to resolve disputes and maintain the stable order of local society.Its core meaning has two,one is the thought enlightenment,the second is the behavior restraint.That is,spiritual level and material level as the overall tone,to maintain social order in the way of combination of blocking and sparing.When the system was first established,it mainly emphasized the function of spiritual enlightenment,and the formation basis was mainly the catalysis of Neo-Confucianism thought and the stimulation of objective events.Therefore,the places with deep foundation of Neo-Confucianism and prominent disaster events developed more obviously.Subsequently,the development of rural conventions gradually caused Of official importance,especially the class of literati and bureaucrats.Because of the obvious effect of the township in the local autonomy and the dual consideration of thought and material,the system was pushed to the Muslim concentrated area in Hehuang area according to the local conditions.At the same time,due to the excessive decentralization of state power,the weakness of the corresponding supervision mechanism,and the gradual strictness of the contents of the township covenant,the original educational functions of the township covenant were not only diluted gradually.The conflicts between the central and local governments,the first thing of the township and the interests of the local people have gradually intensified,making the township covenant a crime against the local people and the Muslim social order.A leader in trouble.This paper centers on the system of Muslim rural covenant in Hehuang area of Qing Dynasty,takes local knowledge as the breakthrough point,and focuses on the particularity and formation of the system of rural covenant in the grassroots areas of Muslim communities in Hehuang area.The first part mainly introduces the inland experience of the rural contract system from Song Dynasty to Qing Dynasty,and combs the whole development of the rural contract system.The second part expounds the reason,process and internal and external structure of the rural covenant system in the grassroots society of Muslims in Hehuang area,in order to outline the basic framework of the rural treaty system in this area.The third part focuses on theanalysis of the implementation of the rural contract system to the Muslim concentrated areas in Hehuang area.The attribute and reason of knowledge transformation.The fourth part concretely evaluates and ponders the result that the central regime gradually infiltrated into the Muslim society in Hehuang area of Qing Dynasty through the innovation of the system of rural covenant.The positive and negative effects are discussed.The fifth part makes an investigation and analysis on the retention of the current rural contract system,and draws lessons from the above analysis to provide experience for the positive interaction between the local knowledge and the law in the Muslim society in the present Hehuang area.On the whole,the implementation of the rural treaty system in Hehuang area is successful.Its ultimate demise is worth our consideration,the local knowledge in the minority society and the law of the state's formal system are based on various kinds of tension and make the relations complicated,which is necessary and valuable for the development of both sides.But it must be resolved.As a result,the state law in the process of infiltrating into the social grassroots,inevitably experienced some kind of knowledge transformation.In the pluralistic pattern of law,the two are not one or the other,but one and the other,interdependent existence.How to make it carry on the benign interaction,the integrity,the systematization maintains the minority community Will order,this is the eternal topic of better development in ethnic minority areas.